Basic characteristics and stability evaluation of dangerous rockmasses in Yanqi Town, Beijing
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摘要:
本文以北京市怀柔区雁栖镇研究区崩塌体为研究对象，通过现场调查和岩块试验检测，查明了崩塌体的基本特征。采用赤平投影分析法，对崩塌危岩带整体稳定性进行定性分析；运用极限平衡法，针对不同工况条件，对单体危岩崩塌进行定量评价。在此基础上，提出了具有针对性的治理措施。研究结果表明：（1）研究区内崩塌隐患点所在斜坡危岩带基本处于不稳定状态；（2）单体危岩W1、W2、W3在自重+裂隙水压力（天然状态）工况条件下，稳定系数1.02～1.17，均处于欠稳定状态；在自重+裂隙水压力（暴雨期间）工况条件下，稳定系数0.82～0.98，均处于不稳定状态；在自重+裂隙水压力（天然状态）+地震力工况条件下，稳定系数0.72～0.83，均处于不稳定状态。（3）提出的以清理危岩为基础，“主动+被动防护网”的综合工程治理措施在北京地区是可行的。研究成果可以作为北京地区开展崩塌灾害工程治理的参考。
Abstract:In this paper, taking Yanqi Town, Huairou District, Beijing as the research object, through the field investigation and rock block test and detection, the basic characteristics of the collapse are found out. By using the method of stereographic projection analysis, the overall stability of the collapse dangerous rock zone is qualitatively analyzed; by using the method of limit equilibrium, the single dangerous rock collapse is quantitatively evaluated according to different working conditions. On this basis, the targeted governance measures are put forward. The results show that: (1) the dangerous rock zone on the slope where the hidden danger point of collapse disaster is located is basically in an unstable state; (2) under the condition of self weight + fracture water pressure (natural state), the stability coefficient of single dangerous rock W1, W2 and W3 is 1.02～1.17, which are all in an unstable state; under the condition of self weight+ fracture water pressure (rainstorm), the stability coefficient is 0.82～0.98, both in an unstable state; under the condition of self weight + fissure water pressure (natural state) + seismic force, the stability coefficient is 0.72～0.83, both in an unstable state. (3) The comprehensive engineering control measures of “active + passive protection network” are feasible in Beijing area. The research results can be used as a reference for engineering control of collapse disaster in Beijing.
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Key words:
- rock fall /
- dangerous rock /
- stability evaluation /
- prevention and control measures
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表 1 崩塌危岩体特征调查统计表
Table 1. Survey statistics of characteristics of collapse dangerous rock mass
序号 危岩体编号 所在位置 规模/m3 可能运动方式 可能运动最大距离/m 稳定性分析 危害对象 1 W1 坡顶下方20 m处靠东 10 倾倒式 80～90 欠稳定 人员、房屋、道路 2 W2 坡顶下方21 m处中部 4.5 倾倒式 80～90 欠稳定 人员、房屋 3 W3 坡顶下方22 m处靠西 4.5 倾倒式 80～90 欠稳定 人员、房屋 
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表 2 岩块试验检测数据
Table 2. Rock block test and detection data
岩性 试样编号 抗压强度/
MPa弹性模量/
104MPa内聚力/
MPa内摩擦角/
（°）白云岩 岩样1 96.41 7.27 2.80 45.57 岩样2 45.83 4.74 4.50 43.42
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表 3 稳定性计算参数一览表
Table 3. Stability calculation parameters
重度/（KN·m−3） 天然 25 饱和 26 黏聚力/kPa 天然 37 饱和 35 内摩擦角/(°) 天然 44.5 饱和 43
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表 4 稳定状态分级
Table 4. Stability classification
稳定性系数（Fs ） Fs <1.00 1.00≤Fs <1.3 1.3≤Fs <1.5 Fs≥1.5 稳定状态 不稳定 欠稳定 基本稳定 稳定
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表 5 稳定性计算结果统计表
Table 5. Statistical table of stability calculation results
危岩体编号 工况1（天然状态） 工况2（持续暴雨） 工况3（地震） 破坏模式 稳定系数 状态 稳定系数 状态 稳定系数 状态 W1 1.17 欠稳定 0.98 不稳定 0.83 不稳定 倾倒式 W2 1.02 欠稳定 0.82 不稳定 0.72 不稳定 倾倒式 W3 1.10 欠稳定 0.87 不稳定 0.86 不稳定 倾倒式
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