ROCK-MAGNETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RED SOILS IN SOUTHERN CHINA AND THE MAGNETISM FOR ENHANCING MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY
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摘要: 我国南方第四纪红土是研究古环境变化的重要载体,主要由均质红土和网纹红土两大不同类型的沉积层组成。运用岩石磁学、漫反射光谱和粒度相结合的方法,分别对我国南方长沙(CS)、岳阳(HN)、南昌(NC)以及新余(XY)典型红土剖面的均质层和网纹层进行了详细的对比分析,结果表明网纹红土层<2 μm的黏粒含量较多,网纹红土层形成时期气候更加温暖湿润,成土作用高于上覆均质红土层。磁铁矿、磁赤铁矿、赤铁矿和针铁矿都是均质红土层和网纹红土层磁性矿物的主要载体。其中,网纹红土层的亚铁磁性矿物低于均质红土层,主要以较粗的假单畴PSD和多畴MD存在,反铁磁性矿物以赤铁矿为主;而上覆均质红土层却以较多的SSD磁赤铁矿为主。网纹红土层可见大量黑褐色铁锰胶膜和铁锰结核分布,这是由于沉积后土壤长期处于高温高湿的还原环境中,强磁性矿物如细粒磁铁矿、磁赤铁矿等部分被溶解转化为弱磁性矿物(如赤铁矿和针铁矿,主要是赤铁矿),这种磁性矿物的转化可能导致了成土作用强的网纹红土层较粗磁性颗粒的增加,而超顺磁亚铁磁性矿物含量的减少以及磁化率的降低。Abstract: The Quaternary red clay in southern China is an important media for the study of paleoenvironmental changes. The typical red clay profiles usually consist of homogenous red clay range in the upper part and reticular red clay horizons in the lower part. Based on systematic analysis on rock magnetism,diffuse reflectance spectra and grain size,this paper studied the red clay sections(CS、HN、NC and XY) in southern China. The results of grain size show that the components <2 μm in the homogenous red clay are higher than those in the reticular red clay, indicating that the reticular red clay is a better-developed paleosol unit with stronger chemical weathering than the homogenous red clay. The climate condition during the reticular red clay period was confirmed to be the warmest and wettest. And their magnetic characteristic indicate that the main magnetic minerals of these red soils are magnetite, magnetite, hematite and goethite. However, the proportion of ferromagnetic minerals in the reticular red clay samples are lower than that in the homogenous red clay samples, mainly composed of PSD and MD. With pyogenic developing, the proportion of ferromagnetic component decreases in the reticular red clay while the content of anti-ferromagnetic minerals(mainly hematite) increases. There are amounts of dark brown Fe-Mn film on the cranny surface of the reticular red clay, which indicates where the iron in reticular red clay went to. This phenomenon seems to suggest different pedogenic conditions between reticular red clay and the homogenous red clay. The reticular red clay development in southern China was under more humid condition and pedogenesis actually occurred under waterlogged conditions. So that fine-grained magnetite and magnetite are gradually dissolved, and finally converted into goethite and hematite. Such transformation of magnetic minerals resulted in the lower MS value in the reticular red clay.
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Key words:
- red soils /
- grain size /
- magnetic susceptibility /
- magnetic mechanism
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