海底有机质早期成岩和甲烷缺氧氧化数值模型研究进展

张艳平; 罗敏; 胡钰; 陈多福

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2017.05.011

海底有机质早期成岩和甲烷缺氧氧化数值模型研究进展

1.
中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 广州 510640

2.
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

3.
上海海洋大学, 上海 201306

基金项目:
国家自然科学基金项目(41606048)

详细信息

作者简介: 张艳平(1993—)，男，博士生：主要从事海洋沉积地球化学研究，E-mail:zhangyanping@gig.ac.cn

通讯作者: 陈多福(1962—)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事海洋地质研究，E-mail:dfchen@shou.edu.cn

中图分类号: P67

蔡秋蓉编辑

收稿日期: 2017-06-30

修回日期: 2017-07-21

刊出日期: 2017-10-28

PROGRESS OF NUMERICAL MODELING OF EARLY DIAGENESIS AND METHANE ANAEROBIC OXIDATION

1.
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

3.
Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

More Information

Corresponding author: CHEN Duofu, dfchen@shou.edu.cn

Received Date: 30 June 2017

Revised Date: 21 July 2017

Publish Date: 28 October 2017

摘要

摘要:
在海洋沉积物表层，各种碳库之间频繁的碳转换引起了越来越多科学家的关注。这些转换主要包括有机质降解生成的DIC，甲烷缺氧氧化产生DIC，以及碱度升高引起的自生碳酸盐沉淀，同时在一些甲烷强烈渗漏的冷泉区还包括游离气的渗漏过程。这些反应发生机理将在本文中逐一论述，同时文中还综述了有机质降解和甲烷缺氧氧化过程的现有计算模型，指出了目前计算模型中所存在的缺陷及每个模型的适用范围，并简要的介绍了从沉积物释放到海水中的甲烷气泡渗漏通量计算方法。然而这些模型基本都受限于目前对于机理的认识水平，为了更加精确地计算出碳在不同过程中的转换通量，今后还需要更多的工作来研究反应机理和模型中的参数，从而获得一个更加通用的模型。
- 沉积物-海水界面 /
- 有机质降解 /
- 甲烷缺氧氧化 /
- 数值模型 /
Abstract:
Carbon conversion between different reservoirs in the surface sediments has raised more and more attention from researchers. It mainly includes the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) produced by organic matter degradation and anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) as well as authigenic carbonate precipitation. In some intensive seepage area, gas bubble migration and dissolution is also an important carbon conversion pathway. In this paper, we summarize the mechanism of organic matter degradation and AOM through numerical modeling. In addition, upon the discussion on the shortages and applicability of each model, we introduced the method of quantification of gas bubble flux into seawater. We finally proposed that more attention be paid to the mechanism of the biogeochemical processes and the model parameters for developing a more generalized model, in order to obtain a more reliable and convincing carbon turnover modeling results.
- sediment-seawater /
- interface /
- organic degradation /
- methane anaerobic oxidation /
- numerical model

HTML全文

图 1 海水沉积物界面上的碳输运通量模式图^{[7, 15, 17, 18]}

Figure 1.

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图 2 有机质降解和甲烷缺氧氧化概念图

Figure 2.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 ${table.label} 附表：模型术语表

Table ${table.label}. Appendix 1:Terminology in the models

参数	定义	量纲反应输运模型
Z	沉积物深度	cm
t	时间	yr
C	浓度	mM
G	有机质	wt－%
φ	孔隙度因素	%
D_s	多孔介质中物质扩散系数	cm²/a
α	生物灌洗参数	/a
v_p	流体流动速率	cm/a
v_s	沉积物沉积速率	cm/a
早期成岩过程
v_max	最大反应速度	wt－%/a
k	反应速率常数	/a
K_{m, G}	酶催化有机质降解半饱和常数	%
i	种类	－
j	反应序数	－
K_{m, TEA}	电子受体降解有机质半饱和常数	mM
TEA	电子受体浓度	mM
K_in	电子受体间抑制常数	mM
ΔG_r	反应标准吉布斯自由能	J/mol
ΔG_ATP	合成 ATP最小能量	J/mol
m_i	反应产生 ATP数	－
χ	反应平均化学计量数	－
E_a	反应活化能	J/mol
B	生物质含量	wt－%
Y	微生物最大生长速度	－
μ_dec	最大分解速度	/a
R_TEA	有机质的氧化还原速率	mol/a
a	有机质初始年龄	k/a
v	有机质分布	－
甲烷缺氧氧化过程
参数	定义	量纲
	溶质溶度	mM
χ	反应通过细胞膜的质子数	－
a	离子活度	mM
ρ	单位体积中细胞个数	m³
A	假一级速率常数	/a
Φ	连续函数	－
甲烷气相输运
k_GF	气泡形成速率常数	/a
r_bubble	气泡半径	cm
K₀	扩散常数	cm²/a
σ	气泡之间的宽度	cm
f_bubble	气泡释放频率	s

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