古地貌对重力流沉积控制作用及与天然气成藏的关系——以莺歌海盆地中新统为例

刘为; 裴健翔; 于俊峰; 范彩伟; 张秀苹; 邵远

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2017.06.021

古地貌对重力流沉积控制作用及与天然气成藏的关系——以莺歌海盆地中新统为例

1.
中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司, 湛江 524057

2.
广东石油化工学院, 广东茂名 525000

基金项目:
国家科技重大专项莺琼盆地高温高压天然气富集规律与勘探开发关键技术(三期)(2016ZX05024-005)

详细信息

作者简介: 刘为(1986—)，男，工程师，主要从事莺歌海盆地勘探地质研究，E-mail：liuwei131415@126.com

中图分类号: P618.130.2

文凤英编辑

收稿日期: 2017-04-30

修回日期: 2017-06-28

刊出日期: 2017-12-28

PALAEOGEOMORPHOLOGIC CONTROL ON GRAVITY FLOW DEPOSITS AND GAS RESERVOIR FORMATION:A CASE STUDY FROM THE MIOCENE IN YINGGEHAI BASIN

1.
Zhanjiang Branch of CNOOC Ltd., Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524057, China

2.
Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming Guangdong 525000, China)

Received Date: 30 April 2017

Revised Date: 28 June 2017

Publish Date: 28 December 2017

摘要

摘要:
针对莺歌海盆地中央底辟带下步有利勘探方向不明的问题，以储层与成藏研究为重点，研究了古坡折、古沟槽、古沉降中心等古地貌单元及组合样式对重力流沉积的控制作用及与天然气成藏的关系。结果表明：古挠曲坡折带是诱发重力流的地带，限制性的古沟槽决定了沉积物的注入位置、推进方向，盆内不均衡沉降形成的古沉降中心控制了大型重力流海底扇沉积卸载区域。宏观上，重力流沉积体常在挠曲坡折下低位体系域发育，横向上易与挠曲坡折上的三角洲沉积断开，纵向上易与上覆海侵-高位体系域浅海富泥沉积构成良好的储盖组合，有利于岩性圈闭的形成。由于古沉积中心的由北往南迁移，导致北部东方区烃源早熟，早期成藏，而南部乐东区为烃源晚期快速生烃成藏的特征。综上研究，指出了中央底辟带中新统重力流储集体分布，为该区下步勘探方向提供了理论支撑。
- 古地貌 /
- 重力流 /
- 沉降中心 /
- 高温超压 /
- 莺歌海盆地
Abstract:
For the purpose to identify the next exploration target which has remained unclear so far in the central depression of the Yinggehai Basin, and based on the principles of reservoir formation and gas accumulation, this paper studies the palaeogeomorphologic patterns and their control over gravity flow deposition and gas reservoir formation. Results show that the increases in slope and water depth near the flexure slope break is the key condition for submarine fan to form, and the limited grooves and valleys determine the injection mouth and the direction of sediment movement, and the subsiding centers formed by the uneven subsidence controls the unloading area for submarine fan deposits. Gravity flow sediments are always deposited under the slope break in the LST, and, therefore, disconnected to the deltaic deposits near the slope break. It is easy to form a good reservoir-cap association with overlying shallow sea mud deposit formed in the TST-HST as covers. It is favorable for the formation of effective trap. Since the paleo-depocenter migrated from north to south, the northern Dongfang region is precocious and matured. However, the organic matter in the Ledong region is matured late but rapid. Based on the above research, this paper points out that the central depression of the Yinggehai Basin is a favorable area for next cycle of exploration.
- palaeogeomorphology /
- gravity flow deposits /
- subsidence center /
- high temperature and high pressure /
- Yinggehai basin

HTML全文

图 1 莺歌海盆地构造区划

Figure 1.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 莺歌海盆地北部梅一段上部古沟槽控重力流沉积

Figure 2.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 莺歌海盆地中新世古地貌与海底扇叠合图

Figure 3.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 莺歌海盆地中新世海底扇地震剖面特征

Figure 4.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 莺歌海盆地沉积速率

Figure 5.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 莺歌海盆地中新世海底扇分布及沉积特征

Table 1. The distribution and sedimentary characteristics of Miocene submarine fans in Yinggehai Basin

海底扇名称	DF15	DF4	DF29	LD8	DF13
层位	梅一段下部(S4w-S41)	梅一段上部(S40-S4w)	黄二段(S31-S40)	黄二段(S31-S40)	黄一段(S30-S31)
平面特征	NW-SE向扇形展布、总面积1 055 km²	近N-S向水道形展布，总面积89 km²	近E-W向扇形展布，总面积2 073 km²	近SW-NE向扇形展布，总面积约1 790 km²	近SW-NE向扇形展布，总面积2 080 km²
剖面特征	横剖面呈丘型，纵剖面呈楔形，水道化明显	横剖面呈透镜型，纵剖面呈丘型、下切深	碾平厚度175 m，横剖面呈丘型，纵剖面呈楔形，水道长12.6 km、宽4.6 km、深130 m	碾平厚度165 m，横剖面呈丘型，双向下超特征明显，纵剖面呈楔形，前端见明显的前积下超特征	碾平厚度150 m，横剖面呈丘型，纵剖面呈楔形，向远端减薄尖灭

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(21)

[1]	王振峰, 裴健翔.莺歌海盆地中深层黄流组高压气藏形成新模式--DF14井钻获强超压优质高产天然气层的意义[J].中国海上油气, 2011, 23(4): 213-217. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1506.2011.04.001 WANG Zhenfeng, PEI Jianxiang. A new accumulation model of high pressure gas in Huangliu Formation of the middle-deep interval in Yinggehai Basin: the significance of discovering a good-quality gas pay with overpressure and high production in Well DF14[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2011, 23(4): 213-217. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1506.2011.04.001
[2]	邓运华.试论中国近海两个盆地带找油与找气地质理论及方法的差异性[J].中国海上油气, 2012, 24(6): 1-5, 11. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zghsyq-gc201206001 DENG Yunhua. A discussion on differences of hydrocarbon geology and applicable exploration theories and methods between two basin belts offshore China[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2012, 24(6): 1-5, 11. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zghsyq-gc201206001
[3]	朱伟林, 吴景富, 张功成, 等.中国近海新生代盆地构造差异性演化及油气勘探方向[J].地学前缘, 2015, 22(1): 88-101. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dxqy201501008 ZHU Weilin, WU Jiangfu, ZHANG Gongcheng, et al. Discrepancy tectonic evolution and petroleum exploration in China offshore Cenozoic Basins[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2015, 22(1): 88-101. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dxqy201501008
[4]	何家雄, 徐瑞松, 刘全稳, 等.莺歌海盆地泥底辟发育演化与天然气及CO₂运聚成藏规律[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2008, 28(1): 91-98. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/hydzydsjdz200801012 HE Jiaxiong, XU Ruisong, LIU Quanwen, et al. Development and evolution of mud diapir and migration and accumulation of natural gas and CO₂ in Yinggehai basin[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2008, 28(1): 91-98. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/hydzydsjdz200801012
[5]	郝芳, 董伟良, 邹华耀, 等.莺歌海盆地汇聚型超压流体流动及天然气晚期快速成藏[J].石油学报, 2003, 24(6): 7-12. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.2003.06.002 HAO Fang, DONG Weihang, ZOU Huayao, et al. Overpressure fluid flow and rapid accumulation of natural gas in Yinggehai Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2003, 24(6): 7-12. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.2003.06.002
[6]	谢玉洪, 李绪深, 童传新, 等.莺歌海盆地中央底辟带高温高压天然气富集条件、分布规律和成藏模式[J].中国海上油气, 2015, 27(4): 1-12. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zghsyq-gc201504001 XIE Yuhong, LI Xushen, TONG Chuanxin, et al. High temperature and high pressure gas enrichment condition, distribution law and accumulation model in central diapir zone of Yinggehai Basin[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2015, 27(4): 1-12. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zghsyq-gc201504001
[7]	童传新, 谢玉洪, 黄志龙, 等.莺歌海盆地高温高压天然气地球化学特征及底辟翼部高效成藏模式[J].天然气工业, 2015, 35(2): 1-11. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2015.02.001 TONG Chuanxin, XIE Yuhong, HUANG Zhilong, et al. Geochemical behaviors of HPHT gas reservoirs in the Yinggehai Basin and the efficient gas accumulation mode at the basin's diapir flanks[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2015, 35(2): 1-11. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2015.02.001
[8]	张敏强.莺歌海盆地底辟构造带天然气运聚特征[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版, 2000, 24(2): 39-42, 126. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/sydxxb200004010 ZHANG Minqiang. Migration-accumulation characterisics of natural gas in the diapir struceure belt of Yinggehai basin[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum, China, 2000, 24(2): 39-42, 126. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/sydxxb200004010
[9]	金博, 刘震, 李绪深.莺歌海盆地天然气底辟优势聚集规律及勘探意义[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版, 2009, 39(2): 196-204. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/cckjdxxb200902004 JIN Bo, LIU Zhen, LI Xushen. The dominant principle on natural gas accumulation of mud-fluid diapirs and significance on exploration in Yinggehai Basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University: Earth Science Edition, 2009, 39(2): 196-204. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/cckjdxxb200902004
[10]	解习农, 姜涛, 王华, 等.莺歌海盆地底辟带热流体突破的地层水化学证据[J].岩石学报, 2006, 22(8): 2243-2248. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/ysxb98200608015 XIE Xinong, JIANG Tao, WANG Hua, et al. Expulsion of overpressured fluid revealed by geochemistry of formation water in the dirpiric structures of Yinggehai basin[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2006, 22(8): 2243-2248. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/ysxb98200608015
[11]	于俊峰, 裴健翔, 王立锋, 等.莺歌海盆地东方13-2重力流储层超压气田气藏性质及勘探启示[J].石油学报, 2014, 35(5): 829-838. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8719.2014.05.011 YU Junfeng, PEI Jianxiang, WANG Lifeng, et al. Gas pool properties and its exploration implications of the Dongfang 13-2 gravity reservoir-overpressure gas field in Yinggehai Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2014, 35(5): 829-838. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8719.2014.05.011
[12]	张迎朝, 徐新德, 王立锋, 等.南海北部超压低渗气藏成藏过程与成藏模式--以莺歌海盆地XF区XF13-1超压气田为例[J].天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(9): 1679-1688. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=trqdqkx201509007 ZHANG Yingzhao, XU Xinde, WANG Lifeng, et al. The accumulation process and model of overpressured low permeability gas pool in the North of South China Sea: a case study of XF13-1 overpressured gas field in XF Area of the Yinggehai Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2015, 26(9): 1679-1688. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=trqdqkx201509007
[13]	王立锋, 张建新, 于俊峰, 等.莺歌海盆地新领域突破方向及目标优选[R].中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司研究院, 2014. WANG Lifeng, ZHANG Jianxin, YU Junfeng, et al. The new field breakthrough direction and target optimization in Yinggehai basin[R] Research Institute of Zhanjiang Branch of CNOOC Limited, 2014.
[14]	谢玉洪, 张迎朝, 徐新德, 等.莺歌海盆地高温超压大型优质气田天然气成因与成藏模式:以东方13-2优质整装大气田为例[J].中国海上油气, 2014, 26(2): 1-5. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zghsyq-gc201402001 XIE Yuhong, ZHANG Yingzhao, XU Xinde, et al. Natural gas origin and accumulation model in major and excellent gas fields with high temperature and overpressure in Yinggehai basin: a case of DF13-2 gasfield[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2014, 26(2): 1-5. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zghsyq-gc201402001
[15]	刘峰, 裴健翔, 汪洋, 等.古地貌对海底扇沉积过程的控制及与油气富集的关系--以莺歌海盆地东方区黄流组一段为例[J].中国海上油气, 2015, 27(4): 37-46. LIU Feng, PEI Jianxiang, WANG Yang, et al. Palaeogeomorphologic control on sedimentary process of submarine fans and hydrocarbon accumulation: a case study of Member 1 of Huangliu Formation in DF area, Yinggehai basin[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2015, 27(4): 37-46.
[16]	钟泽红, 刘景环, 张道军, 等.莺歌海盆地东方区大型海底扇成因及沉积储层特征[J].石油学报, 2013, 34(S2): 102-111. doi: 10.7623/syxb2013S2012 ZHONG Zehong, LIU Jinghuan, ZHANG Daojun, et al. Origin and sedimentary reservoir characteristics of a large submarine fan in Dongfang area, Yinggehai Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2013, 34(S2): 102-111. doi: 10.7623/syxb2013S2012
[17]	裴健翔, 于俊峰, 王立锋, 等.莺歌海盆地中深层天然气勘探的关键问题及对策[J].石油学报, 2011, 32(4): 573-579. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/syxb201104003 PEI Jianxiang, YU Junfeng, WANG Lifeng, et al. Key challenges and strategies for the success of natural gas exploration in mid-deep strata of the Yinggehai Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2011, 32(4): 573-579. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/syxb201104003
[18]	谢玉洪, 范彩伟.莺歌海盆地东方区黄流组储层成因新认识[J].中国海上油气, 2010, 22(6): 355-359, 386. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1506.2010.06.001 XIE Yuhong, FAN Caiwei. Some new knowledge about the origin of Huangliu Formation reservoirs in Dongfang area, Yinggehai basin[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2010, 22(6): 355-359, 386. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1506.2010.06.001
[19]	谢玉洪.构造活动型盆地层序地层分析及天然气成藏模式--以莺歌海盆地为例[M].北京:地质出版社, 2009: 46-110. XIE Yuhong. Sequence Stratigraphic Analysis and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Models in Tectonically Active Basins: Case Study on the Yinggehai Basin[M], Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2009: 46-110.
[20]	吕明, 钟泽红, 张道军, 等.莺歌海盆地层序地层和沉积特征[R].湛江:中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司, 2004: 68-76. LV Ming, ZHONG Zehong, ZHANG Daojun, et al. Sequence Stratigraphy and Deposition of the Yinggehai Basin[R]. Zhanjiang: CNOOC (China) Co., Ltd. Zhanjiang Branch, 2004: 68-76.
[21]	徐新德, 张迎朝, 裴健翔, 等.莺歌海盆地东方区天然气成藏模式及优质天然气勘探策略[J].地质学报, 2014, 88(5): 956-965. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dizhixb201405012 XU Xinde, ZHANG Yingzhao, PEI Jianxiang, et al. Gas accumulating models and exploration strategy for high quality natural gas in the Dongfang Area, Yinggehai Basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2014, 88(5): 956-965. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dizhixb201405012