Records of organic carbon and total nitrogen for environmental changes in the Chukchi Sea during the past 100 years
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摘要:
对“中国第五次北极科考”和“中国第六次北极科考”采集的楚科奇海陆架、海台及海盆区的5个多管样品进行210Pb、粒度、有机碳(OC)和总氮(TN)含量及有机碳同位素(δ13C)、总氮同位素组成(δ15N)分析，初步获得5个多管样品近百年来的沉积速率，陆架区沉积速率为0.19~0.41cm/a，海台和海盆区沉积速率为0.03~0.04cm/a；近百年来陆架有机碳、总氮含量分别为1.21%~1.62%、0.17%~0.21%，有机碳、总氮同位素组成分别为-22.30‰~-22.25‰PDB、7.24‰~8.12‰；海台与海盆区有机碳、总氮含量分别为0.80%~1.26%、0.13%~0.16%，有机碳、总氮同位素组成分别为-22.52‰~-22.07‰PDB、7.38‰~7.81‰。陆架与海台和海盆相比，具有沉积速率高、沉积物颗粒粗、有机碳和总氮含量高的特点。近百年来楚科奇海域陆架、海台和海盆区有机碳以海洋生源输入为主，反映了北极气候变暖，水体初级生产力增加。
Abstract:Five multicores were taken from the Chuckchi Sea Shelf, Chuckchi Sea Plateau and Chuckchi Sea Basin during the fifth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in 2012 and the sixth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in 2014. All samples were analyzed for 210Pb, grain size, organic carbon (OC) concentration and total nitrogen (TN) content as well as stable the isotopes of organic carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N). The sedimentation rates of the 5 multicores are 0.19~0.41cm/a in the shelf area, and 0.03~0.04cm/a on the Plateau and in the Basin area. The OC and TN contents are 1.21%~1.62% and 0.17%~0.21% respectively, while the δ13C and δ15N are -22.30‰~-22.25‰PDB and 7.24‰~8.12‰ in the Shelf area during the past 100 years. The OC and TN content are 0.80%~1.26% and 0.13%~0.16% respectively, while the δ13C and δ15N are -22.52‰~-22.07‰PDB and 7.38‰~7.81‰ on the Plateau and in the Basin area during the same period. The OC and TN content as well as the sedimentation rate are higher in the Shelf area than those in the Plateau and Basin. The sediments are coarser in the shelf area than those in the Plateau and Basin area. The OC is mainly from the marine input, suggesting that the Arctic Ocean was warmer and productivity higher in the past 100 years.
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表 1 多管站位信息
Table 1. Station information of 5 multicores
站号 经度 纬度 水深/m 长度/cm 区域 ARC5-R03 168°52.836′W 68°35.984′N 46 28.5 楚科奇陆架 ARC6-R07 168°58′11″W 72°59′46″N 73 28 楚科奇中部陆架 ARC6-C13 159°10′02″W 75°12′03″N 931 31 北风脊 ARC6-C15 163°11′00″W 75°36′40″N 2022 40 楚科奇海盆 ARC5-SR14 168°58.642′W 78°00.588′N 609 33 楚科奇海台 
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表 2 多管样品粒度、有机碳、总氮及其同位素组成统计
Table 2. Statistics of the parameters of the grain size, OC, TN, δ13C and δ15N from 5 multicores of the Arctic Ocean
柱样 砂(>63μm)/% 粉砂(4~63μm)/% 黏土(< 4μm)/% 平均粒径/Φ 分选系数/Φ OC/% δ13C/‰PDB TN/% δ15N/‰ C/N 区域 ARC5-R03 8.48 78.29 13.23 6.25 1.63 1.27 -22.22 0.17 7.23 7.25 楚科奇陆架 ARC6-R07 9.59 65.39 25.01 6.76 1.89 1.62 -22.25 0.21 8.12 7.88 楚科奇中部陆架 ARC6-C13 3.49 53.93 42.58 7.74 2.00 0.65 -24.44 0.11 4.64 5.99 北风脊 ARC6-C15 4.60 44.15 51.25 7.82 1.93 0.61 -24.10 0.10 4.73 5.92 楚科奇海盆 ARC5-SR14 3.49 53.93 42.58 7.61 1.77 0.54 -23.89 0.09 4.15 5.83 楚科奇海台
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表 3 近百年来多管样品有机碳、总氮含量及其同位素组成
Table 3. Statistics of the parameters of OC, TN, δ13C and δ15N from the multicoreof the Arctic Ocean for the past 100 years
柱样 OC/% δ13C/‰PDB TN/% δ15N/‰ Corg/Norg 陆源有机碳贡献/% 陆源有机碳含量/% 海源有机碳含量/% 区域 ARC5-R03 1.21 -22.30 0.17 7.24 9.04 32.92 0.40 0.81 楚科奇陆架 ARC6-R07 1.62 -22.25 0.21 8.12 9.88 32.20 0.52 1.10 楚科奇中部陆架 ARC5-SR14 0.80 -22.24 0.13 7.38 8.59 31.96 0.26 0.54 楚科奇海台 ARC6-C13 1.04 -22.52 0.16 7.70 8.86 35.96 0.37 0.67 北风脊 ARC6-C15 1.26 -22.07 0.16 7.81 10.56 29.61 0.37 0.89 楚科奇海盆
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