末次盛冰期巽他大陆北部草本植被扩张

杨莹; 田军; 黄恩清

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2019031301

末次盛冰期巽他大陆北部草本植被扩张

同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室，上海 200092

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金“古海洋学”（41525020），“晚中新世大洋碳位移事件的成因机制及其古环境效应”（41776051）；上海市优秀学术带头人“新近纪南海碳酸盐补偿深度变化及其古气候意义”（A类，16XD1403000）

详细信息

作者简介: 杨莹(1994—)，女，硕士研究生，海洋地质专业，E-mail: 1731658@tongji.edu.cn

通讯作者: 田军(1974—)，男，教授，从事古海洋学与古环境变化研究，E-mail: tianjun@tongji.edu.cn

中图分类号: P736.1

收稿日期: 2019-03-13

修回日期: 2019-06-10

刊出日期: 2020-02-25

Herbaceous vegetation expansion on the north equatorial Sundaland during the last glacial maximum

State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

More Information

Corresponding author: TIAN Jun, tianjun@tongji.edu.cn

Received Date: 13 March 2019

Revised Date: 10 June 2019

Publish Date: 25 February 2020

摘要

摘要:
末次盛冰期（Last Glacial Maximum, LGM）全球低海平面时，巽他陆架大面积暴露，其上的植被类型对于生物多样性演化和全球陆地碳储库有重要影响。但目前植被重建结果仍存在很大争议：一种观点认为LGM时巽他陆架主要分布稀树草原植被，雨林只零星存在于少数区域；而一些数值模拟结果和沉积记录显示巽他陆架上不存在大面积跨赤道的稀树草原，雨林植被仍占主导。LGM时巽他大陆北部可靠的植被记录十分有限。本研究依据靠近巽他陆架北部古河流入海口的沉积物岩芯，利用叶蜡烷烃含量和正构烷烃平均链长指标重建LGM时北巽他大陆的植被信息，结果显示平均链长在22～14.5 kaBP期间出现最大值，推测相对于全新世，冰期时巽他大陆北部草本成分增加。海平面降低使得冰期太平洋沃克环流减弱，呈现类厄尔尼诺状态，导致巽他大陆地区干旱加重，特别是赤道外围区域（南北纬7°以外）降水季节性增强，这种气候状态可能是草本植被成分增多的主要因素。
- 草本植被 /
- 长链烷烃 /
- 末次盛冰期 /
- 巽他陆架 /
- 南海
Abstract:
Vegetation types on the exposed Sunda Shelf are important to understand the evolution of regional biodiversity and to assess the global terrestrial carbon storage during glacial periods. There are two conflicting opinions on glacial vegetation distribution over the exposed Sundaland, one considers that savannah occupied most of the exposed shelves while rainforest contracted into a ‘refugia’ condition; and the other believes that tropical rainforest prevailed over the most glacial Sundaland. So far well-dated paleo-vegetation reconstructions from the northern Sundaland are still lacking, which impedes the unveiling of this mystery. In this study, changes in the distribution of plant wax-derived n-alkanes of a marine sediment core from the southern South China Sea, close to the northern Sundaland paleo-river mouths, are used to reconstruct the vegetation changes over the northern Sundaland since LGM. The Average Chain Length（ACL）of n-alkanes is as high as 30.0 between 22 and 14.5 kaBP, indicating that herbaceous vegetation expanded on the northern Sundaland during the LGM compared to the Holocene. Previous modelling results suggest that a fell down of sea-level during the LGM can induce a weakened Walker circulation and the prevailing of El Niño-like conditions. This may further result in overall drought and increased dry-season water stress conditions on the glacial Sundaland, which may have contributed to the flourish of herbaceous vegetation.
- herbaceous vegetation /
- long- chain alkane /
- Last Glacial Maximum /
- Sunda Shelf /
- South China Sea

HTML全文

图 1 巽他大陆地形与本文涉及的研究站位

Figure 1.

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图 2 MD 05-2894烷烃含量，CPI、ACL和C₃₁/(C₂₉+C₃₁)比值及其五点平滑结果

Figure 2.

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图 3 MD 05-2894站位烷烃含量（b）和ACL（c）指标与其他古环境重建记录的对比

Figure 3.

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图 4 LGM时期巽他大陆植被分布

Figure 4.

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图 5 LGM东南亚植被分布假说图

Figure 5.

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表 1 MD 05-2894站AMS ¹⁴C年龄

Table 1. AMS ¹⁴C Age of site MD 05-2894

深度/cm	AMS ¹⁴C年龄/aBP（±1σ）	日历年龄/aBP	备注
5.5	3 390±30	3 261±50	本研究
62.5	5 010±35	5 366±51	据文献[29]
104.5	6 765±40	7 295±47	据文献[29]
113.5	9 140±40	9 909±105	本研究
125.5	9 910±30	10 866±85	本研究
140.5	10 825±45	12 325±121	据文献[29]
159.5	12 020±40	13 457±60	本研究
188.5	13 195±50	15 237±78	据文献[29]
214.5	13 285±45	15 368±108	据文献[29]
284.5	13 785±50	16 102±94	据文献[29]
368.5	14 890±65	17 657±111	据文献[29]
418.5	16 150±50	18 983±70	本研究
519.5	17 550±60	20 678±100	本研究
619.5	17 040±70	20 072±110	本研究

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