伶仃洋东岸晚更新世以来硅藻组合及环境意义

彭志远; 陈炽新; 吴聪; 陈芳; 周洋; 余少华; 贾磊; 时翠

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2020103001

伶仃洋东岸晚更新世以来硅藻组合及环境意义

1.
中国地质调查局广州海洋地质调查局，广州 510075

2.
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室，广州 511458

基金项目: 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室（广州）人才团队引进重大专项“粤港澳大湾区海岸线及滩涂湿地千年至十年尺度环境演变”（GML2019ZD0209）；中国地质调查局二级项目“数字海洋地质工程天然气水合物数据库更新与服务”（DD20190216）

详细信息

作者简介: 彭志远（1992—），男，硕士，助理工程师，从事海洋微体古生物和古环境研究，E-mail：627917278@qq.com

中图分类号: P736.21

收稿日期: 2020-10-30

修回日期: 2020-12-10

刊出日期: 2021-04-28

Diatom assemblage since late Pleistocene in the east coast of Lingdingyang Bay and its environmental implications

1.
Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075,China

2.
Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Southern Marine Science and Engineering, Guangzhou 511458,China

Received Date: 30 October 2020

Revised Date: 10 December 2020

Publish Date: 28 April 2021

摘要

摘要:
通过分析伶仃洋东岸sz17QZ-20-3钻孔硅藻分布特征，结合测年、岩性和粒度，重建了该地区晚更新世以来的古环境演化。依据沉积物岩性粒度变化判断，晚更新世时期在23.6～11.0 m层段发育了一套河床相−溺古湾相−岸滩相−冲积相的垂向沉积序列，在花斑黏土层中有海水种Ethmodiscus rex碎片的存在，指示晚更新世海侵海退旋回。早全新世海侵在9000 cal. aBP左右到达研究区，海水种硅藻含量开始迅速增加，发育滨海平原相沉积；在8000 cal. aBP左右达到最高海平面，海水种硅藻含量最高；随后研究区处于海平面停滞状态，并缓慢下降，发育浅海相沉积；中晚全新世4.2～0 m层段为海退时期，发育河口湾相沉积。中全新世4.4～4.2 m层位海水种含量突然增加和4.4～4.6 m层位贝壳碎屑层指示可能有风暴潮事件发生；晚全新世0.3～0 m层段表层沉积物中硅藻丰度异常偏高，受人类活动影响较大。
- 硅藻 /
- 古环境 /
- 晚更新世 /
- 伶仃洋
Abstract:
Based on the distribution pattern of diatom in the borehole of sz17QZ-20-3 of Lingdingyang Bay, with the support of dating, lithology and grain size distribution data, the paleoenvironment evolutionary history since late Pleistocene of this area is reconstructed. According to the change in lithology and grain size of the sediments, a vertical sequence consisting of river bed facies-drowning valley bay facies-beach facies-alluvial facies upwards was established for the interval of 23.6～11.0 m of Late Pleistocene. The presence of Ethmodiscus Rex fragments of marine species in the variegated clay layer indicates the cyclic transgressive and regressive sequences of the late Pleistocene. Early Holocene transgression reached the research area around 9000 cal. aBP, the diatom content of marine species rapidly increased, and the coastal plain facies was rather developed. The highest sea level was reached around 8000 cal. aBP, with the highest content of diatom of marine species. The sea level was falling after a period of stability and shallow marine deposits dominate; The Middle-Late Holocene or the interval of 4.2～0 m indicates a regressive period dominated by estuarine facies. The sharp increase in marine species at 4.4～4.2 m horizon in addition to shell debris at 4.4～4.6 m horizon of Middle Holocene indicates storm surge events; the diatom abundance in surface sediments at 0.3～0 m horizon of Late Holocene is unusually high under the influence of human activities.
- diatom /
- paleoenvironment /
- Late Pleistocene /
- Lingdingyang Bay

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图 1 钻孔sz17QZ-20-3地理位置图

Figure 1.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 sz17QZ-20-3钻孔岩性和粒度参数^[29]

Figure 2.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 sz17QZ-20-3钻孔硅藻丰度、优势种百分含量、三大类属种和组合特征

Figure 3.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 sz17QZ-20-3钻孔测年数据

Table 1. Chronology of the borehole sz17QZ-20-3

样品编号	实验室编号	取样深度/m	测年物质	AMS¹⁴C年代/aBP	校正后年代/cal. aBP
sz17QZ-20-3-1	Beta-502459	2.10～2.20	木屑	1570±30	1534～1394
sz17QZ-20-3-2	Beta-502460	4.80～4.90	贝壳	7420±30	7954～7806
sz17QZ-20-3-3	Beta-502461	8.40～8.50	贝壳	7690±30	8257～8037
sz17QZ-20-3-4	Beta-502462	9.75～9.95	木屑	7580±30	8420～8350
sz17QZ-20-3-5	Beta-502463	10.50～10.60	木屑	7840±30	8715～8547
sz17QZ-20-3-6	Beta-502464	20.60～20.85	木屑	＞43500
sz17QZ-20-3-7	Beta-502465	21.75～21.90	木屑	＞43500

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表 2 硅藻属种划分

Table 2. Classification of diatoms

硅藻生态类型	主要硅藻种类
海水种	Actinocyclus ehrenbergii（爱氏辐环藻）、Nitzschia cocconeiformis（卵菱形藻）、Coscinodiscus excentricus（偏心圆筛藻）、Coscinodiscus lineatus（线性圆筛藻）、Coscinodiscus oculatus（小眼圆筛藻）、Thalassiosira oestrupii（厄氏海链藻）、Tryblioptychus cocconeisformis（卵形褶盘藻）、Ethmodiscus rex（斑盘藻）、Coscinodiscus subaulacodiscoidalis（亚沟圆筛藻）
半咸水种	Cyclotella striata（条纹小环藻）、Cyclotella stylorum（柱状小环藻）、Coscinodiscus divisus（多束圆筛藻）、Coscinodiscus subtilis（细弱圆筛藻）、Paralia sulcata（具槽帕拉藻）、Coscinodiscus radiatus（辐射圆筛藻）、Actinoptychus undulatus（环状辐裥藻）、Coscinodiscus argus（蛇目圆筛藻）、Coscinodiscus curvatulus（弓束圆筛藻）
淡水种	Achnanthes crenulata（波缘曲壳藻）、Cymbella tumida（膨胀桥弯藻）、Cyclotella meneghiniana（梅尼小环藻）

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