Cenozoic tectonic subsidence and its mechanism of the Malay Basin, southwest South China Sea
-
摘要:
南海西南部是南海构造复杂程度最高的区域之一，为深入认识马来盆地及南海西南部构造演化过程，本文基于最近公开发表的地震剖面和钻井资料，对马来盆地内69个模拟井进行系统的构造沉降史重建，发现马来盆地构造沉降史可以分为张裂期快速沉降、裂后早期异常快速沉降、裂后中期慢速沉降以及裂后晚期缓慢沉降等4个阶段。分析表明马来盆地属于叠加了翼部小幅断裂走滑作用的张裂型沉积盆地，马来盆地裂后早期的快速构造沉降很可能是因加载作用导致的岩石圈非弹性屈服的结果。
Abstract:The southwestern part of the South China Sea (SCS) is one of the most complex tectonic regions of SCS. To further understand the tectonic evolution of the Malay Basin and the southwestern part of the SCS, we systematically rebuilt the tectonic subsidence history for 69 representative pseudo-wells based on recently published seismic and drilling data. Results show that the Cenozoic tectonic subsidence history could be divided into four stages including syn-rift rapid subsidence stage, early post-rift anomalous and rapid subsidence stage, middle post-rift slow subsidence stage, and late post-rift slow subsidence stage. Further analyses suggest that the Malay Basin is a rifted basin and later was superimposed by small-scale strike-slip action in its wings. The anomalous rapid tectonic subsidence in the early post-rift stage might be resulted from inelastic yield of the lithosphere caused by sedimentary loading.
-
Key words:
- anomalous subsidence /
- tectonic evolution /
- tectonic inversion /
- Malay Basin
-
-
表 1 模型参数值
Table 1. Parameter symbols and values in the model
参数 参数物理含义 参数值 a/km 岩石圈初始厚度 125 Tc/km 地壳初始厚度 31.2 ρw/(km∙m−3) 海水密度 1030 ρc/(km∙m−3) 地壳密度（0℃） 2800 ρm/(km∙m−3) 地幔密度（0℃） 3330 ρa/(km∙m−3) 软流圈密度（1333℃） 3185 α/℃−1 热膨胀系数 3.28×10−5 岩石初始孔隙度
ϕ0砂岩 0.49 泥岩 0.63 灰岩 0.60 岩层压实因子
c/km砂岩 0.27×10−3 泥岩 0.51×10−3 灰岩 0.53×10−3 岩石骨架密度
ρ/(km∙m−3)砂岩 2650 泥岩 2720 灰岩 2710 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] Mazlan M, Peter A, Jamaal H M, et al. The Petroleum Geology and Resources of Malaysia[M]. Kuala Lumpur: Petronas, 1999: 171-218.
[2] Madon M. Analysis of tectonic subsidence and heat flow in the Malay Basin (offshore Peninsular Malaysia)[J]. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, 1997, 41:95-108. doi: 10.7186/bgsm41199709
[3] Madon M. Five decades of petroleum exploration and discovery in the Malay Basin (1968-2018) and remaining potential[J]. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, 2021, 72:63-88. doi: 10.7186/bgsm72202106
[4] Lee T Y, Lawver L A. Cenozoic plate reconstruction of Southeast Asia[J]. Tectonophysics, 1995, 251(1-4):85-138. doi: 10.1016/0040-1951(95)00023-2
[5] Leloup P H, Arnaud N, Lacassin R, et al. New constraints on the structure, thermochronology, and timing of the Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone, SE Asia[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 2001, 106(B4):6683-6732. doi: 10.1029/2000JB900322
[6] Morley C K. A tectonic model for the Tertiary evolution of strike–slip faults and rift basins in SE Asia[J]. Tectonophysics, 2002, 347(4):189-215. doi: 10.1016/S0040-1951(02)00061-6
[7] Tapponnier P, Peltzer G, Armijo R. On the mechanics of the collision between india and Asia[J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 1986, 19(1):113-157. doi: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1986.019.01.07
[8] Tapponnier P, Peltzer G, Le Dain A Y, et al. Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia: New insights from simple experiments with plasticine[J]. Geology, 1982, 10(12):611-616. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1982)10<611:PETIAN>2.0.CO;2
[9] Mansor Y, Rahman A H A, Menier D, et al. Structural evolution of Malay Basin, its link to Sunda Block tectonics[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2014, 58:736-748. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.05.003
[10] Morley C K. Combined escape tectonics and subduction rollback-back arc extension: a model for the evolution of Tertiary rift basins in Thailand, Malaysia and Laos[J]. Journal of the Geological Society, 2001, 158(3):461-474. doi: 10.1144/jgs.158.3.461
[11] Pubellier M, Morley C K. The basins of Sundaland (SE Asia): Evolution and boundary conditions[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2014, 58:555-578. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.11.019
[12] 陈梅, 施小斌, 刘凯, 等. 南海北缘珠三坳陷新生代构造沉降特征[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2017, 37(6):47-56
CHEN Mei, SHI Xiaobin, LIU Kai, et al. Cenozoic tectonic subsidence of the Zhu Ⅲ depression in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, northern South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2017, 37(6):47-56.]
[13] Shi X B, Xu H H, Qiu X L, et al. Numerical modeling on the relationship between thermal uplift and subsequent rapid subsidence: Discussions on the evolution of the Tainan Basin[J]. Tectonics, 2008, 27(6):TC6003.
[14] Hassaan M, Bhattacharya S K, Mathew M J, et al. Cenozoic development of southwestern Malay Basin: new insights from subsidence analysis and thermal history[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2017, 10(8):192. doi: 10.1007/s12517-017-2971-7
[15] Madon M B, Watts. Gravity anomalies, subsidence history and the tectonic evolution of the Malay and Penyu Basins (offshore Peninsular Malaysia)[J]. Basin Research, 1998, 10(4):375-392. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2117.1998.00074.x
[16] Ngah K, Madon M and Tjia H D. Role of pre-Tertiary fractures in formation and development of the Malay and Penyu basins[J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 1996, 106(1):281-289. doi: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.106.01.18
[17] Zhou D, Yao B C. Tectonics and sedimentary basins of the South China Sea: Challenges and progresses[J]. Journal of Earth Science, 2009, 20(1):1-12. doi: 10.1007/s12583-009-0001-8
[18] 许志琴, 王勤, 李忠海, 等. 印度-亚洲碰撞: 从挤压到走滑的构造转换[J]. 地质学报, 2016, 90(1):1-23 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5717.2016.01.001
XU Zhiqin, WANG Qin, LI Zhonghai, et al. Indo-Asian collision: tectonic transition from compression to strike slip[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2016, 90(1):1-23.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5717.2016.01.001
[19] 姚永坚, 吕彩丽, 王利杰, 等. 南沙海区万安盆地构造演化与成因机制[J]. 海洋学报, 2018, 40(5):62-74
YAO Yongjian, LYU Caili, WANG Lijie, et al. Tectonic evolution and genetic mechanism of the Wan'an Basin, southern South China Sea[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2018, 40(5):62-74.]
[20] Xie X N, Li S T, Dong W L, et al. Evidence for episodic expulsion of hot fluids along faults near diapiric structures of the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2001, 18(6):715-728. doi: 10.1016/S0264-8172(01)00024-1
[21] Madon M, Jong J. Geothermal gradient and heat flow maps of offshore Malaysia: some updates and observations[J]. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, 2021, 71:159-183. doi: 10.7186/bgsm71202114
[22] Hoesni M J. Origins of overpressure in the Malay Basin and its influence on petroleum systems[D]. Doctor Dissertation of Durham University, 2004.
[23] Madon M. Overpressure development in rift basins: an example from the Malay Basin, offshore Peninsular Malaysia[J]. Petroleum Geoscience, 2007, 13(2):169-180. doi: 10.1144/1354-079307-744
[24] Satti I A, Yusoff W I W, Ghosh D. Overpressure in the Malay Basin and prediction methods[J]. Geofluids, 2016, 16(2):301-313. doi: 10.1111/gfl.12149
[25] Allen P A, Allen R J. Basin Analysis: Principles and Applications to Petroleum Play Assessment[M]. 3nd ed. UK: Wiley & Sons, 2013: 326-342.
[26] 谢辉, 周蒂, 陈广浩, 等. 盆地沉降史回剥分析的不确定性及参数影响[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2014, 33(5):50-59 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-5470.2014.05.007
XIE Hui, ZHOU Di, CHEN Guanghao, et al. Uncertainty and parameterization in backstripping of basin subsidence analysis[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2014, 33(5):50-59.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-5470.2014.05.007
[27] 赵中贤, 孙珍, 毛云华, 等. 南海北部陆缘不均匀伸展及脉动式构造升降史[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(3):96-115 doi: 10.11978/2022133
ZHAO Zhongxian, SUN Zhen, MAO Yunhua, et al. Heterogeneous extension and pulsed tectonic subsidence in the northern South China Sea margin[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(3):96-115.] doi: 10.11978/2022133
[28] 裴健翔, 施小斌, 王丽芳, 等. 南海礼乐盆地新生代构造沉降特征及其成因分析[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2020, 40(4):17-29
Pei Jianxiang, Shi Xiaobin, Wang Lifang, et al. Tectonic subsidence and its mechanism of the Liyue Basin, South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2020, 40(4):17-29.]
[29] Watts A B. Tectonic subsidence, flexure and global changes of sea level[J]. Nature, 1982, 297(5866):469-474. doi: 10.1038/297469a0
[30] Shi X B, Kirby J, Yu C H, et al. Spatial variations in the effective elastic thickness of the lithosphere in Southeast Asia[J]. Gondwana Research, 2017, 42:49-62. doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2016.10.005
[31] Manshor A, Hassan M H A, Madon M. Tidally-influenced fluvial channel systems from the Miocene Malay Basin, Malaysia: Evidence from core facies and seismic geomorphological analyses[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2022, 135: 105384. N.
[32] Yakzan A M, Harun A, Nasib B M, et al. Integrated biostratigraphic zonation for the Malay Basin[J]. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, 1996, 39:157-184. doi: 10.7186/bgsm39199615
[33] Haq B U, Hardenbol J, Vail P R. Chronology of fluctuating sea levels since the triassic[J]. Science, 1987, 235(4793):1156-1167. doi: 10.1126/science.235.4793.1156
[34] Xie X Y, Heller P L. Plate tectonics and basin subsidence history[J]. GSA Bulletin, 2009, 121(1-2):55-64.
[35] Morley C K. Discussion of tectonic models for Cenozoic strike-slip fault-affected continental margins of mainland SE Asia[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2013, 76:137-151. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.10.019
[36] Fyhn M B W, Boldreel L O, Nielsen L H. Escape tectonism in the Gulf of Thailand: Paleogene left-lateral pull-apart rifting in the Vietnamese part of the Malay Basin[J]. Tectonophysics, 2010, 483(3-4):365-376. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2009.11.004
[37] Yang T, Gurnis M, Zahirovic S. Mantle‐induced subsidence and compression in SE Asia since the early Miocene[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2016, 43(5):1901-1909. doi: 10.1002/2016GL068050
[38] Doust H, Sumner H S. Petroleum systems in rift basins – a collective approach inSoutheast Asian basins[J]. Petroleum Geoscience, 2007, 13(2):127-144. doi: 10.1144/1354-079307-746
[39] Madon M. The kinematics of extension and inversion in the Malay Basin, offshore Peninsular Malaysia[J]. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, 1997, 41:127-138. doi: 10.7186/bgsm41199711
[40] Morley C K, Westaway R. Subsidence in the super-deep Pattani and Malay basins of Southeast Asia: a coupled model incorporating lower-crustal flow in response to post-rift sediment loading[J]. Basin Research, 2006, 18(1):51-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2117.2006.00285.x
[41] Allen M, Jackson J, Walker R. Reply to comment by Rob Westaway on “Late Cenozoic reorganization of the Arabia-Eurasia collision and the comparison of short-term and long-term deformation rates”[J]. Tectonics, 2004, 23(5):TC5007.
[42] Morley C K. Five anomalous structural aspects of rift basins in Thailand and their impact on petroleum systems[J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2015, 421(1):143-168. doi: 10.1144/SP421.2
[43] Shi X B, Jiang H Y, Yang J, et al. Models of the rapid post-rift subsidence in the eastern Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea: implications for the development of the deep thermal anomaly[J]. Basin Research, 2017, 29(3):340-362. doi: 10.1111/bre.12179
[44] 李亚敏, 施小斌, 徐辉龙, 等. 琼东南盆地构造沉降的时空分布及裂后期异常沉降机制[J]. 吉林大学学报:地球科学版, 2012, 42(1):47-57,65
LI Yamin, SHI Xiaobin, XU Huilong, et al. Temporal and spatial distribution of tectonic subsidence and discussion on formation mechanism of anomalous post-rift tectonic subsidence in the Qiongdongnan Basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2012, 42(1):47-57,65.]
[45] 杨军, 施小斌, 王振峰, 等. 琼东南盆地张裂期沉降亏损与裂后期快速沉降成因[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2015, 35(1):81-90
YANG Jun, SHI Xiaobin, WANG Zhenfeng, et al. Origin of syn-rift subsidence deficit and rapid post-rift subsidence in Qiongdongnan Basin[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2015, 35(1):81-90.]
[46] Royden L, Keen C E. Rifting process and thermal evolution of the continental margin of Eastern Canada determined from subsidence curves[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1980, 51(2):343-361. doi: 10.1016/0012-821X(80)90216-2
[47] Davis M, Kusznir N. Depth-dependent lithospheric stretching at rifted continental margins[M]//Karner G, Taylor B, Driscoll N, et al. Rheology and Deformation of the Lithosphere at Continental Margins. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004: 92-136.
[48] Burov E B, Diament M. The effective elastic thickness (Te) of continental lithosphere: What does it really mean?[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 1995, 100(B3):3905-3927. doi: 10.1029/94JB02770
[49] Burov E B. Rheology and strength of the lithosphere[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2011, 28(8):1402-1443. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.05.008
[50] 吴保珍, 施小斌, 杨小秋, 等. 南海北部白云凹陷及其邻区的岩石圈强度分析[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2014, 33(1):62-68 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-5470.2014.01.008
WU Baozhen, SHI Xiaobin, YANG Xiaoqiu, et al. Analysis on lithospheric strength of the Baiyun Sag and its surrounding area in the northern margin of the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2014, 33(1):62-68.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-5470.2014.01.008
-
图(8)
表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 765
- PDF下载数: 110
- 施引文献: 0