Main faults and tectonic divisions in the South China Sea
-
摘要:
构造分区是区域构造演化研究的基础。由于区域性构造分区的界线基本上都以深大断裂（带）为依据，因此在划分构造单元之前，研究区域内规模较大的主要断裂（带）是必不可少的。本文在分析南海主要断裂（带）的基础上，以板块构造理论为指导，完善了南海的构造分区。南海主要断裂（带）分为以俯冲带、碰撞带、大型逆冲带、大型走滑带为特征的一级断裂带；切穿沉积基底与上地壳、延伸至下地壳的二级断裂带；错断沉积基底的三级断裂。本区一级构造单元为“南海次板块”，其边界基本以一级断裂带，个别以二级断裂带为界；二级构造单元有微板块、断阶带、隆起区、深坳带、深坳区、碰撞带等；三级构造单元在微板块之内划分为隆坳带和微地块。
Abstract:Regional tectonic division is the foundation for studying tectonic evolution. The boundaries of regional tectonic division are mostly based on huge faults. Therefore, it is essential to study the major faults (belts) in one area before dividing structural units. After analyzing the main faults (or fault zones) in the South China Sea in plate tectonics theory, the tectonic division for the South China Sea was improved. The major faults (or fault zones) in the South China Sea include the first-order or primary fault zones that are characterized by subduction zones, collision zones, large thrust zones, and large strike-slip zones; the second-order faults that cut through the sedimentary basement and the upper crust, extending to the lower crust; and the third-order ones that run across sedimentary basement. The first-level tectonic unit in this region is the “South China Sea Subplate”, whose boundaries are mostly the first-order faults or sometimes the second-order ones. The second-level tectonic units include microplate, stepped fault zone, uplifted area, deep depression area or belt etc. The third-level tectonic units are are those divided within a microplate, including uplifted depression zone and microblock.
-
Key words:
- major faults or fault zones /
- tectonic activity /
- tectonic unit /
- the South China Sea
-
-
[1] 朱晨曦, 唐武, 尹永康, 等. 南海南部及陆缘区的区域断裂体系特征及其形成机制[J]. 世界地质, 2019, 38(3):708-720 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5589.2019.03.012
ZHU Chenxi, TANG Wu, YIN Youkang, et al. Characteristics and formation mechanism of regional faults system in southern South China Sea and continental margins[J]. Global Geology, 2019, 38(3):708-720.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5589.2019.03.012
[2] 任纪舜等. 中国东部及邻区大陆岩石圈的构造演化与成矿[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1990
REN Jishun. Tectonic Evolution of the Continental Lithosphere and Metallogeny in Eastern China and Adjacent Areas[M]. Beijing: Science Press, Beijing, 1990.]
[3] 王鸿祯. 华南地区古大陆边缘构造史[M]. 武汉: 武汉地质学院出版社, 1986
WANG Hongzhen. Tectonics History of the Ancient Continental Margins of South China[M]. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press, 1986.]
[4] 邱燕, 曾维军, 李唐根. 南海中、南部断裂体系及其构造意义[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2005, 29(2):166-175 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1552.2005.02.002
QIU Yan, ZENG Weijun, LI Tanggen. Fracture systems and their tectonic significance in the central and southern parts of the South China Sea[J]. Geotectonic and Metallogenia, 2005, 29(2):166-175.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1552.2005.02.002
[5] 姚伯初. 中南-礼乐断裂的特征及其构造意义[J]. 南海地质研究, 1995: 1-14
YAO Bochu. Characteristics and tectonic meaning of Zhongnan-Liyue fault[J]. Geological Research of South China Sea, 1995: 1-14.]
[6] 尹延鸿, 温珍河, 孙桂华, 等. 中国南部海域主要断裂类型、分布及地质特征[J]. 海洋地质前沿, 2013, 29(8):1-6
YIN Yanhong, WEN Zhenhe, SUN Guihua, et al. Types, distribution and geological feature of the main faults in the Southern China Seas[J]. Marine Geology Frontiers, 2013, 29(8):1-6.]
[7] 刘海龄. 南沙地块断裂构造系统与岩石圈动力学研究[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2002
LIU Hailingdeng. Layer-Block Tectonics, a New Concept of Plate Tectonics - An Example from Nansha Micro-Plate, Southern South China Sea[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2002.]
[8] 姚伯初. 中美合作调研南海地质专报[M]. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社, 1994
YAO Bochu. The Geological Memoir of the South China Sea Surveyed Jointly by China and USA[M]. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press, 1994.]
[9] 鞠东, 邱燕, 黄文凯, 等. 南海主要控凹断层活动特征与新生代地壳初始张裂[J]. 海洋地质前沿, 2022, 38(9):59-70
JU Dong, QIU Yan, HUANG Wenkai, et al. Activity characteristics of main sag-controlling faults and Cenozoic initial crustal rifting in the South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology Frontiers, 2022, 38(9):59-70.]
[10] 邱燕, 王立飞, 黄文凯, 等. 中国海域中新生代沉积盆地[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2016
QIU Yan, WANG Lifei, HUANG Wenkai, et al. Sedimentary Basins in Mesozoic and Cenozoic in the China Seas[M]. Beijing: Geology Press, 2016.]
[11] 杜文波, 邱燕, 黄文凯, 等. 南海西缘曾母西断裂构造特征及其对盆地沉积发育的控制作用[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2021, 41(2):100-108
DU Wenbo, QIU Yan, HUANG Wenkai, et al. Zengmu Xi fault on the western-border of South China Sea and its control over the sedimentation of the Basin[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2021, 41(2):100-108.]
[12] 刘光鼎, 王学言. 中国海区及邻域地质——地球物理系列图[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 1990, 10(1):5
LIU Guangding, WANG Xueyan. Map Series Of Geology-Geophysics Of China Sea Waters And Adjacent Areas[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 1990, 10(1):5.]
[13] Hayes Dennise, Nissen Susanspangler, Buhl Peter, et al. Throughgoing crustal faults along the northern margin of the South China Sea and their role in crustal extension[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, 1995, 100(B11):22435-22446. doi: 10.1029/95JB01867
[14] 杨胜雄,等. 南海及邻域地质-地球物理系列图(1∶2000000)[M]. 广州: 中国航海图书出版社, 2013
YANG Shengxiong, et al. Geological-geophysical Maps of the South China Sea and Adjacent Areas (1: 2000000)[M]. Guangzhou: China Nautical Books Publishing House, 2013.]
[15] Hayes D E. The Tectonic and Geologic Evolution of Southeast Asian Seas and Islands: Origin and history of the South China Sea basin[J]. Geophysical Monograph Series, 1983, 10.1029/GM027:23-56.
[16] Morley C K. A tectonic model for the Tertiary evolution of strike–slip faults and rift basins in SE Asia - ScienceDirect[J]. Tectonophysics, 2002, 347(4):189-215. doi: 10.1016/S0040-1951(02)00061-6
[17] Pubellier M, Quebral R D, Rangin C, et al. The Mindanao collision zone: a soft collision event within a continuous Neogene strike-slip setting[J]. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences, 1991, 6(3-4):239-248. doi: 10.1016/0743-9547(91)90070-E
[18] QIU Yan, LI Tanggen. Tectonic Features and Evolution of the China Seas and Adjacent Regions[J]. Geol. Soc. Malaysia, November, Bulletin, 1993, 33:33-41. doi: 10.7186/bgsm33199304
[19] 李峰, 环文林. 粤东滨海断裂带第四纪活动特征研究[J]. 震灾防御技术, 2021, 16(1):19-28 doi: 10.11899/zzfy20210103
LI Feng, HUAN Wenlin. Study on Quaternary activity characteristics of coastal fault zone in east Guangdong Province[J]. Earthquake disaster prevention technology, 2021, 16(1):19-28.] doi: 10.11899/zzfy20210103
[20] 郝天珧, 徐亚, 孙福利, 等. 南海共轭大陆边缘构造属性的综合地球物理研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 2011, 54(12):3098-3116 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.12.011
HAO Tianyao, XU Ya, SUN Fuli, et al. Integrated geophysical research on the tectonic attribute of conjugate continental margin of South China Sea[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2011, 54(12):3098-3116.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.12.011
[21] 周祖翼. 闽西溪口组沉积环境及构造意义[J]. 石油实验地质, 1992(2): 135-141, 220-221
ZHOU Zuyi. The significance of depositional environment and tectonic setting of the Xikou formation in the western Fujian[j]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 1992(2): 135-141, 220-221.]
[22] 陈恩民, 黄咏茵. 华南十九次强震暨南海北部陆缘地震带概述[J]. 华南地震, 1984(1):11-32
CHEN Enmin, HUANG Yongyin. The 19th strong earthquakes in South China and the overview of the northern continental margin seismic belt of the South China Sea[J]. South China Earthquake, 1984(1):11-32.]
[23] 李志刚, 张培震, 惠格格, 等. 南海北部滨海断裂带的深部结构探测现状和展望[J]. 中山大学学报:自然科学版, 2022, 61(1):55-62
LI Zhigang, ZHANG Peizhen, HUI Gege, et al. Current status and prospect of the deep structure exploration of the littoral fault zone in the northern South China Sea[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni, 2022, 61(1):55-62.]
[24] 赵明辉. 南海东北部海陆地震联测与滨海断裂带深部结构研究[D]. 中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所), 2004
ZHAO Minghui. Study on the seismic association of sea and land in the northeast of the South China Sea and the deep structure of the coastal fault zone[D]. Graduate School of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2004.]
[25] 龚再升, 王善书. 沿海大陆架及毗邻海域油气区(下册)中国石油地质志(卷十六)[M]. 北京: 石油出版社, 1992
GONG Zaisheng, WANG Shanshu. Petroleum geology of China Vol. 16: Oil and gas bearing areas on continental shelf and its neighborings[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1992.]
[26] 刘光鼎. 中国海区及邻域地质地球物理特征[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1992
LIU Guangding, Geophysical Characteristics of China Seas and Adjacent Regions [M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1992.]
[27] 钟广见, 冯常茂, 韦振权. 南海西沙海槽盆地地质构造特征[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2012, 32(3):63-68
ZHONG Guangjian, FENG Changmao, WEI Zhenquan. The structural features of Xisha Trough Basin[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2012, 32(3):63-68.]
[28] Tapponnier P, Lacassin R, Leloup P, et al. The Ailao Shan/Red River metamorphic belt: Tertiary left-lateral shear between Indochina and South China[J]. Nature, 1990, 343(6257):431-437. doi: 10.1038/343431a0
[29] Tapponnier P, Peltzer G, Armijo R. On the mechanics of the collision between India and Asia[J]. Geological Society of London Special Publications, 1986, 19(1):113-157. doi: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1986.019.01.07
[30] 邱燕, 姚伯初. 南海中建南盆地地质构造特征与油气远景[J]. 南海地质研究, 1997(9):17
QIU Yan, YAO Bochu. Geological and Tectonic Features and Hydrocarbon Potential of the Zhong Jiannan Basin, South China Sea[J]. Geological Research of South China Sea, 1997(9):17.]
[31] 邱燕, 聂鑫, 阎贫, 等. 南海陆缘中南-礼乐断裂带的发育与构造活动[J]. 地球科学, 2024, 49(10):1-17
QIU Yan, NIE Xin, YAN Pin, et al. Development and tectonic activity of the Zhongnan-Liyue fault zone in the continental margin of the South China Sea[J]. Earth Science, 2024, 49(10):1-17.]
[32] 黄镇国. 台湾板块构造与环境演变[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 1995
HUANG Zhenguo. Plate tectonic and environmental evolution in Taiwan[M]. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 1995.]
[33] 李家彪, 金翔龙, 阮爱国, 等. 马尼拉海沟增生楔中段的挤入构造[J]. 科学通报, 2004, 49(10):1000-1008 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.2004.10.015
LI Jiabiao, JIN Xianglong, RUAN Aiguo, et al. Diaphorescent structure in the middle of accretionary wedge of Manila Trench[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2004, 49(10):1000-1008.] doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.2004.10.015
[34] Hutchison C. Marginal basin evolution: the southern South China Sea[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2004, 21(9):1129-1148. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2004.07.002
[35] Hutchison C S. The 'Rajang accretionary prism' and 'Lupar Line' problem of Borneo[J]. Geological Society London Special Publications, 1996, 106(1):247-261. doi: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.106.01.16
[36] 韩冰, 朱本铎, 万玲, 等. 南沙海槽东南缘深水逆冲推覆构造[J]. 地质论评, 2015, 61(5):1061-1067
BING Han, BENDUO Zhu, LING Wan, et al. Deep-water fold and thrust tectonics in southeastern Nansha Trough[J]. Geological Review, 2015, 61(5):1061-1067.]
[37] 孙珍, 赵中贤, 李家彪, 等. 南沙地块内破裂不整合与碰撞不整合的构造分析[J]. 地球物理学报, 2011, 54(12):3196-3209 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.12.019
SUN Zhen, ZHAO Zhongxian, LI Jiabiao, et al. Structural analysis of rupture unconformity and collision unconformity in Nansha Block[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2011, 54(12):3196-3209.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.12.019
-
下载:
图(14)
计量
- 文章访问数: 107
- PDF下载数: 0
- 施引文献: 0