Tectnonic migration of prototype basins in Northwest Sub-sag of Lufeng Sag, the Pearl River Mouth Basin
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摘要:
陆丰凹陷西北洼是发育在珠一坳陷惠陆低凸起上的古近系残留型洼陷，总体表现为古近系“北断南削”型箕状半地堑和新近系坳陷型洼陷的双层结构特征，具有较好的油气勘探潜力。基于对研究区高精度三维地震的精细解释、平衡剖面恢复、洼陷结构和构造演化分析，揭示了研究区西段、中段和东段在原型盆地及其动力学机制、洼陷结构和构造演化、岩浆底侵期次及强度等方面存在显著的分段差异性，并表现出由东向西的迁移性演化特征。由东到西，洼陷变形机制由脆-韧性变形转变为脆性变形，洼陷伸展量、伸展率逐渐变大；岩浆底侵作用总体上东强西弱，强烈底侵期东早西晚；控洼断裂的滑脱作用东强西弱，滑脱时期东早西晚；早断陷期文下段沉积厚度总体上东厚西薄，晚断陷期恩下段西厚东薄；古近系地层翘倾、剥蚀作用总体上东强西弱，时间上东早西晚。结合研究区地温梯度及岩浆底侵作用的横向差异，提出了热机制是西北洼成盆机制及分段差异演化的主控因素，并导致了西北洼从东到西、由早到晚的迁移性演化特征。西北洼迁移性演化特征的新认识将对其石油地质条件分段差异性的深入研究及推动勘探进程提供科学指导。
Abstract:The Northwest Sub-sag is adjacent to the main oil and gas production area of the Lufeng Sag in Pearl River Mouth (Zhujiangkou) basin. It is a Paleogene residual sag developed on the Huilu Low Uplift and characterized by the double-layered structure of the Paleogene half graben and the Neogene depression, with good oil and gas exploration potential. Based on the detailed interpretation of 3D seismic data, the restoration of balanced profiles, and the analysis on the sub-sag structure and evolution, significant segmented differences were revealed in the western, middle, and eastern segments in terms of prototype basin type, deformation mechanism, magma underplating stage and intensity, structural and sedimentary evolution, and stratigraphic development and occurrence. Results reveal obvious tectonic migration from east to west. The amount and rate of the extension or depression increased from west to east and transformed from brittle deformation to ductile deformation. The magma underplating is stronger and earlier in the east than in the west. The detachment effect of the depression-controlling fault is stronger in the east and weaker in the west, and the detachment period is earlier in the east and later in the west. The sedimentary thickness of the Lower Member of the Wenchang Formation (Eocene) is in overall thicker in the east than in the west, while that of the Lower Member of the Enping Formation (Oligocene) is thicker in the west than in the east. During the rifting period, the strata tilting and erosion are weaker in the west than in the east, and the timing is earlier in the east than in the west. Based on the horizontal differences in geothermal gradients and magmatic underplating in the study area, we believe that the thermal mechanism was the main factor on the basin formation and the segmented differential evolution of the Northwest Sub-sag, leading to the migratory evolution characteristics of the Northwest Sub-sag from east to west and from early to late. This understanding shall have important guiding significance for the in-depth study of the segmented differences in petroleum geological conditions in the Northwest Sub-sag and for the promotion of oil and gas exploration.
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表 1 西北洼构造演化阶段和地层发育简表
Table 1. Structural and stratigraphic evolution stages in the Northwest Sub-sag
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表 2 西北洼各段构造-沉积演化横向差异性对比
Table 2. Comparison of tectono-sedimentary evolution in different segments of the Northwest Sub-sag
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