摘要:
通过电磁测深和野外地质调查, 从物质基础、构造作用和外营力作用等方面阐述江西宁都丹霞地貌景观的地质特征, 探讨丹霞地貌主要的成景地层和形成模式, 并与东南部邻近地区典型丹霞地貌进行对比.研究表明:宁都地区丹霞地貌的成景地层主要是晚白垩世河口组和塘边组, 地壳抬升使红层暴露于地表, 在流水侵蚀、崩塌等地质作用下, 塑造了如今的丹霞美景.与东南部邻近地区典型丹霞地貌对比, 发现受地理条件和丹霞地貌发育演化阶段控制, 宁都丹霞地貌与东南部邻近地区典型丹霞地貌既具有共同性, 也具有其独特性.新生代以来, 该区整体缓慢抬升, 白垩纪燕山运动—喜马拉雅运动期间, 受NE—NNE向断裂带活动影响, 发育切割红层的多级断裂和节理.宁都地区属亚热带湿润气候, 降雨量丰富, 在赣江及其支流共同作用下, 不同的岩性组合经差异风化剥蚀形成赤壁丹霞和红层丘陵地貌景观.这对进一步开发和保护地学旅游资源, 支撑赣州脱贫攻坚工作, 以及对比研究中国东南部地区丹霞地貌特征具有重要意义.
关键词:
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丹霞地貌
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地质特征
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成因分析
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宁都
Abstract:
The development of tourism has promoted the research on basic geology of Danxia landform in recent years. Ningdu County of southern Jiangxi Province is famous for its unique Danxia landform scenery. Through electromagnetic sounding and field geological survey, this study analyzed the geological characteristics of the Danxia landform and landscape in aspects of material foundation, tectonic action and geological forces, discussed the main scene-forming strata and modes of the Danxia landform, and compared them with the typical Danxia landforms in adjacent areas. The study shows that the main strata of the Ningdu Danxia landform consist mainly of upper Cretaceous Hekou and Tangbian Formations, the crust uplift resulted in exposure of red bed strata, and geological processes (such as water erosion, collapse, etc) gave rise to the formation of present Danxia landform. Comparison with typical Danxia landforms in the southeastern regions suggests that the Danxia landforms in Ningdu County has its own unique characteristics besides common features of the Danxia landforms, due to controlling effect of geological and geographical condition and development stages of Danxia landform. The whole region had been in a slow uplifting process since the Cenozoic, and multi-level fractures and joints were developed within the redbed strata due to activity of NE to NNE trending fault zone during the period from the Cretaceous Yanshan movement to the Himalayan movement. The Ningdu region belongs to the subtropical humid climate zone, with abundant rainfall.Under the interaction of the Ganjiang River and its tributaries, the Danxia landforms and redbed hills were formed in different lithology arrangements, weathered and denuded at different speeds in the Danxia strata. This study is of great significance not only to further develop and protect geosciences and tourism resources, but also to support poverty alleviation in Ganzhou city and carry out further comparative study of Danxia landforms in southeastern China.
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