Spatial-temporal variation analysis of soil erosion based on multi-source data—A case study of Susong County, Anhui Province
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摘要: 基于地理信息系统(GIS)技术和土壤流失方程(RUSLE)模型,文章分析宿松县2015—2019年土壤侵蚀时空变化特征,探讨土壤侵蚀影响因子。结果表明:1研究区2015年土壤侵蚀强度为612.53 t/(km2·a),土壤侵蚀总量为1 339 078.87 t/a,土壤侵蚀整体呈现出西北强、中部及南部弱的空间分布格局;2土壤侵蚀随坡度变化并不明显,大多集中在0~15°坡度带,以微度、轻度和中度为主,东坡侵蚀面积最大,其次为西坡;3在不同土壤类型中,侵蚀面积最大的为棕红壤,其次为灰潮土;在不同土地利用类型中,土壤侵蚀面积最大的为耕地,其次为水域,再次为林地;42015—2016年,侵蚀总量增加,土壤侵蚀强度不断提高,中度以上侵蚀占比较大,2017年之后,土壤侵蚀总量逐年减少,剧烈侵蚀和极强度侵蚀区域逐渐向中度侵蚀和轻度侵蚀转变。研究表明,降水、植被覆盖、地形和人类活动的干扰均对土壤侵蚀变化造成影响。Abstract: This paper analyzed spatial-temporal variation of soil erosion in Susong County from 2015 to 2019 and discussed the influencing factors of soil erosion based on geographic information system (GIS) and soil loss equation (RUSLE) model. The results showed that: ① The soil erosion modulus of the study area in 2015 was 612.53 t/(km2·a), and the total eroded area covers 1 339 078.87 t/a, which is distributed in the pattern of strong eroded northwest and weakly eroded middle and south. ② Soil erosion did not change significantly with slope, mostly concentrated in the 0~15° slope zone and dominated by slight, light and moderate erosion, with the largest eroded area in the eastern slope, followed by the western slope. ③ Among the different soil types, the largest eroded area is brown-red soil, followed by gray fluvo-aquic soil, in terms of land use types, the largest soil-eroded area was in cultivated land, followed by water area and forest land. ④ From 2015 to 2016, the total amount of erosion increased and the intensity of soil erosion kept improving with the moderate and above erosion accounting for a large proportion. After 2017, the total amount of soil erosion decreased and the areas of intense and extreme erosion gradually changed into those of moderate and light erosion. This study shows that precipitation, vegetation cover, topography and human activity disturbance together affect the soil erosion variation.
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Key words:
- GIS /
- RUSLE model /
- soil erosion /
- Susong County, Anhui Province
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