摘要:
随着中国经济的高速发展,了解西昆仑地区环境地质演变有着重要意义,尤其对边境地区的国防建设具有重要的战略意义.为此,利用国产高分一号(GF-1)卫星数据在西昆仑甜水海西典型地区进行1∶5万比例尺的环境地质遥感调查,并利用3期不同时相的遥感数据作参照,定性与定量相结合,综合分析了该地区环境地质近20 a的演变.该区以冻融荒漠化和水蚀荒漠化为主,1993-2013年间,区内荒漠化面积不断增加,尤其是冻融荒漠化面积增加了2.29 km2,地质环境、地形地貌等自然因素决定了荒漠化的整体空间分布特征;同期的湖泊、沼泽面积也呈逐年增加态势,反映了当地气候逐渐变暖的现象.区域荒漠化加剧,容易诱发滑坡、泥石流和沉陷等地质灾害,损毁道路,严重影响着该地区经济发展和国防建设.在自然地理条件恶劣、交通条件不便的地区,高分辨率遥感技术可以发挥其强大的地质判析力.
Abstract:
With the rapid development of Chinese economy, it is of great significance to understand the evolution of environmental geology in West Kunlun area, especially for the national defense construction in border areas.This study has used GF-1 Satellite to conduct an environmental geological remote sensing survey of 1∶50 000 scale in the typical areas of the west of Tianshuihai, West Kunlun, and remote sensing data of three different phases are also used for reference.The study analyzes the evolution of environmental geology in this area over the past 20 years in a comprehensive way with the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.Freeze-thaw desertification and water-eroded desertification are the main landforms in this area.From 1993 to 2013, desertification in the study area has increased, and in particucar, the freeze-thaw desertification area has increased by 2.29 km2.Geological environment, topography and other natural factors has determined the overall spatial distribution of desertification.Lakes and swamps have also increased gradually, which reflects the local climate warming sensitively.Desertification could flood roads and easily induce landslide, mud-rock flow , subsidence and other geological disasters.It can also serious effect the economic development and national defense construction in the areas.The high resolution remote sensing technology can play a powerful role in geological analysis of areas with poor natural geographical and inconvenient traffic conditions.
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