Distribution characteristics and pollution assessment of heavy metals in coastal surface sediments of Fangchenggang in Guangxi
-
摘要: 为了解防城港近岸海域表层沉积物重金属分布及污染特征,系统采集了19件研究区的表层沉积物样品,检测了7种重金属元素的含量。测试结果表明: 研究区表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg 和As 含量均符合政府制定的海洋功能区划要求。单因子潜在生态危害指数法评价结果显示,不同重金属潜在生态危害排序为Hg>Cu>Cd>As>Pb>Cr>Zn,除Hg外均属于低生态风险。综合潜在风险评价指数显示除F17和F19站位潜在生态风险等级为高外,其他站位潜在生态风险等级为中或低,其中Hg是潜在风险的主要控制元素。地质累积指数评价表明企沙半岛南部区域存在轻微的Cu、Hg污染,且这2种元素含量在部分站位处于阈值效应含量和可能效应含量之间,存在一定的概率引发毒性。相关性分析和主成分分析综合显示,Pb、Cr和As主要受陆源输入沉积的影响; Cu和Zn主要来自船体防腐涂料和工业污水; Cd和Hg的来源相对多元,既有陆源河流汇入,也有来自电镀、石油燃烧、生活工业污水和海水养殖的影响。Abstract: In order to investigate the distribution and pollution characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments of Fangchenggang inshore, the authors in this paper systematically collected 19 surface sediment samples in the study area to test 7 heavy metal elements. The results show that the average contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Hg and As in surface sediments are accordance with the requirements of marine functional zoning formulated by the government. The evaluation of single factor potential ecological risk index method indicates the potential ecological hazards of various heavy metals are Hg > Cu > Cd > As > Pb > Cr > Zn, which all belongs to low ecological risk except Hg. Low or medium potential risk is displayed by the potential risk index except station F17 and F19, and Hg was the main controlling factor for potential risk. The evaluation of geological accumulation index shows that there was slight pollution of Cu and Hg in the southern Qisha Peninsula, and the contents of these two ele-ments were between the threshold effect content and the possible effect content in some stations, meaning a certain probability of causing toxicity. Pb, Cr and As were mainly affected by terrigenous input sedimentation according to the correlation analysis and principal component analysis. While Cu and Zn were mainly from hull anti-corro-sion coatings and industrial sewage. The sources of Cd and Hg were relatively diversified, including both land-based rivers and electroplating, oil combustion, domestic or industrial sewage and mariculture.
-
-
[1] 李啸宇,何祥英,罗万次,等.广西防城湾表层沉积物重金属的分布及其潜在生态风险评价[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(5):712-717.
[2] Li X Y,He X Y,Luo W C,et al.Distribution and potential ecolo-gical risk evaluation of heavy metals in surface sediments of Fangcheng bay of Guangxi[J].Mar Environ Sci,2016,35(5):712-717.
[3] [2] Loska K,Wiechuła D.Application of principal component analysis for the estimation of source of heavy metal contamination in surface sediments from the Rybnik Reservoir[J].Chemosphere,2003,51(8):723-733.
[4] [3] Tang D G,Warnken K W,Santschi P H.Distribution and partition-ing of trace metals (Cd,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn) in Galveston Bay wa-ters[J].Mar Chem,2002,78(1):29-45.
[5] [4] 曹欢,胡钰梅,潘迎捷,等.水产品中重金属异质性导致的风险[J].生态毒理学报,2021,16(6):80-92.
[6] Cao H,Hu Y M,Pan Y J,et al.Risk caused by heterogeneity of heavy metals in aquatic products[J].Asian J Ecotoxicol,2021,16(6):80-92.
[7] [5] 邹明明,朱慧兰,郭玉清.广西防城港东湾红树林湿地春季小型底栖动物丰度与生物量[J].生态学杂志,2020,39(6):1823-1829.
[8] Zou M M,Zhu H L,Guo Y Q.Abundance and biomass of meiofauna in spring in Dongwan mangrove wetland of Fangchenggang,Guangxi[J].Chin J Ecol,2020,39(6):1823-1829.
[9] [6] 庞国涛,阎琨,李伟.广西三娘湾海域表层沉积物多环芳烃特征及风险评价[J].中国地质调查,2021,8(5):95-100.
[10] Pang G T,Yan K,Li W.Characters and risk assessment of hydrocarbons in surface sediments of Sanniang Bay in Guangxi[J].Geol Surv China,2021,8(5):95-100.
[11] [7] 马永安,徐恒振,于涛,等.GB 17378.5—2007 海洋监测规范第5部分:沉积物分析[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[12] Ma Y A,Xu H Z,Yu T,et al.GB 17378.5-2007 The Specification for Marine Monitoring Part 5:Sediment Analysis[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2008.
[13] [8] Hakanson L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control.A sedimentological approach[J].Water Res,1980,14(8):975-1001.
[14] [9] 柴小平,胡宝兰,魏娜,等.杭州湾及邻近海域表层沉积物重金属的分布、来源及评价[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(12):3906-3916.
[15] Chai X P,Hu B L,Wei N,et al.Distribution,sources and assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of the Hangzhou Bay and its adjacent areas[J].Acta Sci Circumst,2015,35(12):3906-3916.
[16] [10] 徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(2):112-115.
[17] Xu Z Q,Ni S J,Tuo X G,et al.Calculation of heavy metals’ toxi-city coefficient in the evaluation of potential ecological risk in-dex[J].Environ Sci Technol,2008,31(2):112-115.
[18] [11] 张远辉,杜俊民.南海表层沉积物中主要污染物的环境背景值[J].海洋学报,2005,27(4):161-166.
[19] Zhang Y H,Du J M.Background values of pollutants in sediments of the South China Sea[J].Acta Oceanol Sin,2005,27(4):161-166.
[20] [12] Muller G.Index of Geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River[J].GeoJournal,1969,2(3):108-118.
[21] [13] MacDonald D D,Ingersoll C G,Berger T A.Development and evaluation of consensus-based sediment quality guidelines for freshwater ecosystems[J].Arch Environ Contam Toxicol,2000,39(1):20-31.
[22] [14] Apitz S E,Barbanti A,Bernstein A G,et al.The assessment of sediment screening risk in Venice Lagoon and other coastal areas using international sediment quality guidelines[J].J Soil Sediment,2007,7:326-341.
[23] [15] 马德毅,汤烈风,王菊英,等.GB 18668—2002海洋沉积物质量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[24] Ma D Y,Tang L F,Wang J Y,et al.GB 18668-2002 Marine Sediment Quality[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2004.
[25] [16] 雷富,张荣灿,陈宪云,等.夏季广西北部湾近岸海域海水和表层沉积物中重金属污染现状及评价[J].海洋技术,2013,32(2):94-100.
[26] Lei F,Zhang R C,Chen X Y,et al.Pollution assessment and eva-luation of heavy metals in the sea water and surface sediments of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Coast in summer[J].Ocean Technol,2013,32(2):94-100.
[27] [17] 姜发军,尹闯,张荣灿,等.2010年冬季广西北部湾近岸海域表层海水和沉积物中重金属污染现状及评价[J].海洋环境科学,2013,32(6):824-830.
[28] Jiang F J,Yin C,Zhang R C,et al.Pollution assessment and eva-luation of heavy metals in the sea water and surface sediments of Guangxi Beibu Gulf coast in winter 2010[J].Mar Environ Sci,2013,32(6):824-830.
[29] [18] 罗万次,雷富,叶朝放,等.防城港湾夏季水质及表层沉积物重金属污染评价[J].广西科学院学报,2015,31(2):83-88.
[30] Luo W C,Lei F,Ye C F,et al.Pollution evaluation of heavy me-tals in seawater and surface sediments of Fangchenggang Bay in summer[J].J Guangxi Acad Sci,2015,31(2):83-88.
[31] [19] 李啸宇,何祥英,罗万次,等.广西防城湾表层沉积物重金属的分布及其潜在生态风险评价[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(5):712-717.
[32] Li X Y,He X Y,Luo W C,et al.Distribution and potential ecolo-gical risk evaluation of heavy metals in surface sediments of Fangcheng bay of Guangxi[J].Mar Environ Sci,2016,35(5):712-717.
[33] [20] 刘保良,陈旭阳,魏春雷,等.广西海域沉积物重金属、滴滴涕、多氯联苯含量及生态风险分析[J].海洋湖沼通报,2019(4):125-132.
[34] Liu B L,Chen X Y,Wei C L,et al.Assessment on the pollution and potential ecological risk of heavy metals,DDTs and PCBs in sediments at Guangxi Sea area[J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2019(4):125-132.
[35] [21] 王毅,王少鹏,王英辉,等.防城港近岸海域及河口溶解态重金属污染特征[J].广西大学学报:自然科学版,2018,43(5):2069-2078.
[36] Wang Y,Wang S P,Wang Y H,et al.Pollution characteristics of dissolved heavy metals in nearshore and estuary of Fangcheng-gang[J].J Guangxi Univ:Nat Sci Ed,2018,43(5):2069-2078.
[37] [22] Zhuang W,Gao X L.Integrated assessment of heavy metal pollution in the surface sediments of the Laizhou Bay and the coastal waters of the Zhangzi Island,China:Comparison among typical marine sediment quality indices[J].PLoS One,2014,9(4):e94145.
[38] [23] 卢明龙,毛硕乾,林霞,等.象山港表层沉积物6种重金属的污染特征及生态风险分析[J].生物学杂志,2015,32(4):30-34.
[39] Lu M L,Mao S Q,Lin X,et al.Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of six heavy metals in surface sediments from the Xiang-shan Bay[J].J Biol,2015,32(4):30-34.
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 834
- PDF下载数: 179
- 施引文献: 0
下载: