Geological characteristics and metallogenic regularity of lead-zinc-gold-silver polymetallic deposits in Hunan Province
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摘要: 在对前人典型矿床研究的基础上,总结了湖南省铅锌金银多金属矿床的地质特征、成因类型及成矿规律,重点分析了13处铅锌金银多金属(铜、钨、锡等)矿床(体)的地质特征及成矿机制。湖南省铅锌金银多金属矿床包括接触交代型(夕卡岩型)、岩浆热液型(充填交代型及蚀变岩型)和浅成中-低温热液型(沉积热液再造型)3个三级(四级)成因类型。接触交代型矿床产于燕山期中浅成酸性、中酸性花岗岩与泥盆系、石炭系碳酸盐岩的外接触带,含矿层为夕卡岩化大理岩,主要成矿作用为交代作用; 岩浆热液型矿床主要成矿作用为充填作用; 浅成中-低温热液型矿床主要产于震旦系、泥盆系、石炭系碳酸盐岩中,属于多阶段、多成因成矿,成矿物质来源多样。构造、岩浆岩控制接触交代型-岩浆热液型矿床; 泥盆系棋梓桥组、岩相古地理及构造控制浅成中-低温热液型矿床,金的赋矿层位为跳马涧组。圈定了湘东南邓阜仙矿集区、水口山—大义山—上堡矿集区、宝山—香花岭矿集区、千里山—骑田岭—瑶岗仙矿集区,湘中留书塘天龙山—锡矿山矿集区、湘东北连云山平江—浏阳矿集区,进一步缩小了找矿范围,明确了找矿方向。Abstract: Based on the previous research of typical deposit, the authors in this paper have summarized geological characteristics, genetic type and metallogenic regularity, and focused on the geological characteristics and metallogenic mechanism of 13 lead-zinc-gold-silver polymetallic deposits, including Cu, W, Sn and pyrite. The genetic types of lead-zinc-gold-silver polymetallic deposits in Hunan Province include 3 tertiary (quaternary), which are contact metasomatism type (calcium skarn type), magmatic hydrothermal type (filling metasomatism and altered rock type) and medium-low temperature hydrothermal type (sedimentary hydrothermal remodeling). The deposits of contact metasomatism type were formed in exocontact between acid-hypabyssal and acid-intermediate granite of Yanshanian, and carbonate of Devonian System and Carboniferous System. The ore bearing strata is marble of calcium skarn type, and the metallogenic type is metasomatism type and the deposits of magmatic hydrothermal type are filling. Besides, the acid-hypabyssal and acid-intermediate deposits were mainly in carbonate of Sinian System, Devonian System and Carboniferous System, belonging to mutil-stage and poly-genetic deposits, and the metallogenic materials were from a variety of sources. The calcium skarn type and magmatic hydrothermal type deposits were controlled by tectonic and magmata rock. The medium-low temperature hydrothermal type tungsten-zinc deposits were controlled by the Qiziqiao Formation of Devonian System, lithofacies paleogeography and tectonic. The gold deposits occurred in Tiaomajian Formation. The ore concentration areas were determined, including Dengfuxian ore concentration areas in Southeastern Hunan, Shuishankou- Dayishan-Shangbao ore concentration areas, Baoshan-Xianglinghua ore concentration areas, Qianlishan-Qitianling-Yaogangxian ore concentration areas, Tianlongshan-Xikuangshan of Liushutang ore concentration areas in Central Hunan, and Lianyunshan- Liuyang of Pingjiang ore concentration areas in Northeastern Hunan, which would further help narrow the ore prospecting scope and clarify the prospecting direction.
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