Analysis of shale gas accumulation conditions of the Niutitang Formation of Lower Cambrian in Sangzhi area, Hunan Province
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摘要: 桑植地区发育了牛蹄塘组海相黑色页岩,前人对该区古生界下寒武统页岩气成藏条件研究相对较少。在文献调研的基础上,结合野外实地勘查和试验分析,对桑植下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩储层地质要素和成藏条件进行研究,以期为该区页岩气下一步勘探开发提供借鉴与参考。结果表明: 沉积环境方面,桑植牛蹄塘组页岩沉积相类型为陆棚相和斜坡相,埋深条件好,厚度大; 有机地化特征方面,有机质丰度在2%以上,干酪根类型主要为Ⅱ1型,少见Ⅰ型,有机质成熟度3.5%,为较好烃源岩; 有机质演化与黏土矿物成岩阶段有较好的对应关系,其成岩矿物转化阶段与有机质生油、生气门限基本一致,源岩处于大量生成干气和裂解气阶段; 储集条件方面,孔隙度为9%,发育了原生孔、次生孔、矿物质孔及天然裂缝、构造裂缝,为页岩气富集提供了空间; 脆性矿物含量高,易造缝造储。整体而言,牛蹄塘组页岩为优质页岩,页岩气的成藏条件为较好—好,其勘探、开发潜力较大。Abstract: The marine facies shales of Niutitang Formation are developed in Sangzhi area, with relatively few stu-dies on the shale gas accumulation conditions of Lower Cambrian in Paleozoic in this area. On the basis of literature research and combining with field survey and experimental analysis, the authors in this paper have studies the geological factors and reservoir-forming conditions of shale reservoir in the Niutitang Formation of Lower Cambrian in Sangzhi area, in order to provide reference for the next shale gas exploration and development in this area. The results show that the sedimentary facies in Niutitang Formation shale are shelf facies and slope facies, with good burial depth condition and large thickness. The abundance of organic matter is above 2% in terms of organic geochemical characteristics, with kerogen types of type II1 and rare type I and organic matter maturity of 3.5%, which are the high-quality source rocks. The organic matter evolution and clay mineral diagenetic stage have a good corresponding relationship, and the diagenetic mineral transformation stage is basically the same as the organic matter oil and gas generation threshold, with the source rock in the stage of massive generation of dry gas and cracked gas. In terms of storage conditions, the porosity is 9% with primary pores, secondary pores, mineral pores, natural fractures, and structural fractures, which provide space for shale gas accumulation. The high content of brittle minerals makes fractures created easily. Overall, the shale of the Niutitang Formation is high-quality shale, and the accumulation conditions of shale gas are good, with great potential of exploration and development.
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