Abstract: There are about 560 super-large, large and medium-size tombs buried in Baling Mountain of Jingzhou in Hubei Province, which contains important historical and cultural significance. However, it is lack of in-depth understanding of the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater that affect the buried conditions of ancient tombs. Thus, it is of great importance to conduct dynamic monitoring and analysis of groundwater level to reveal the potential effect of hydrogeochemistry condition of ancient tombs. Based on hydrogeological survey, groundwater hydrochemistry, stable isotope analysis and geochemical simulation, the authors in this paper identified the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in Baling Mountain Tomb Group Reserve (BMTGR), and revealed the main hydrogeochemical processes of underground environment. The results showed that the groundwater of BMTGR originated from atmospheric rainfall. The rain water seeped through the aeration zone into the phreatic aquifer, phreatic-confined aquifer and deep confined aquifer in turn, and phreatic-confined aquifer has experienced a certain degree of evaporation. Groundwater pH value ranges from 6.50 to 8.06, showing the sightly acidic to weakly alkaline water environment condition. The main hydrochemical type of groundwater is Ca-HCO₃ with TDS (total dissolved solid, TDS) range of 149.30~608.56 mg/L, and the ionic components are mainly derived from water-rock interactions. The weathering and dissolution of silicate rocks, calcite and dolomite dissolution/precipitation balance and ion exchange are the dominant control process of groundwater hydrochemistry. Vertical infiltration is an important way of groundwater migration, affecting the burial conditions of ancient tombs in BMTGR. The water environment caused by strong water-rock interaction may affect the buried conditions of ancient tombs. This research could provide scientific basis for the preservation and utilization of cultural relics and large site, and some references for geologic environment monitoring and strong nation of socialist culture.