Heavy metal elements distribution in the surface soil of coastal wetland in Southern Laizhou Bay and ecological risk assessment
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摘要: 为探索莱州湾南岸滨海湿地表层土壤重金属元素分布和生态风险,采集105件表层土壤样品,分析测定Cu、Cr、Zn、Ni、As、Pb、Cd和Hg 8种重金属元素含量。利用内梅罗综合污染指数法和Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法评价其污染程度,研究结果表明,该地区重金属元素含量均超标,内梅罗综合污染指数显示整体属于中度污染; 相关性分析表明,研究区各重金属元素含量之间具有明显的正相关性,其中Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb和As的来源与工农业生产和交通活动相关,Cr、Ni的来源主要受到地质背景和地球化学作用的影响,Hg的来源主要受到大气沉降的影响; 研究区土壤重金属元素单因子潜在生态危害程度为Hg＞Cd＞As＞Cu＞Pb＞Ni＞Cr＞Zn,其中Hg处于较重危害程度,Cd处于中等危害程度,其他重金属元素处于低危害程度,大部分属于中、低程度生态危害。研究成果可为该地区土壤修复、生态环境保护提供数据支撑。Abstract: In order to explore the distribution and ecological risk of heavy metal elements in the surface water of coastal wetland in Southern Laizhou Bay, the authors collected 105 surface soil samples to analyze the contents of 8 heavy metal elements, including Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni, As, Pb, Cd and Hg. The soil pollution was evaluated through Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method and Hakanson potential ecological risk index method. The results show that the contents of the heavy metal elements in this area exceeded the standard, and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index show the overall pollution is moderate. The correlation analysis show that there is a significant positive correlation between the contents of heavy metal elements in the study area. The source of Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and As is related to industrial and agricultural production and transportation activities, and the source of Cr and Ni is mainly influenced by geological background and geochemistry. Besides, the source of Hg is mainly influenced by atmospheric deposition. The single factor potential ecological risk degree of heavy metal elements in the surface soil of the study area was Hg＞Cd＞As＞Cu＞Pb＞Ni＞Cr＞Zn. Hg was at the level of comparatively heavy risk, and Cd was at the level of moderate risk. While other heavy metal elements were at the level of low risk, and most of the studied areas are moderate and low potential ecological risks. It is suggested that the early warning of heavy metal pollution should be strengthened in the later stage and remediation restoration measures should be developed. The research results could provide some data support for soil remediation and ecological environment protection.
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Key words:
- Southern Laizhou Bay /
- coastal wetland /
- soil heavy metal /
- ecological risk assessment
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