火山岩风化程度的厘定——以黔西晚二叠世超基性岩和基性玄武岩为例

刘德成; 王卫东

doi:10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.06.06

火山岩风化程度的厘定——以黔西晚二叠世超基性岩和基性玄武岩为例

刘德成^1,2,3,
王卫东^4,5

1.北京市地质矿产勘查开发集团有限公司,北京 100050;

2.北京市地质灾害防治研究所,北京 100120;

3.北京市京盛工程勘察有限公司,北京 102206;

4.中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙 410075;

5.重载铁路工程结构教育部重点实验室(中南大学),湖南长沙 410075

基金项目:
中国地质调查局“西安地质调查中心综合地质调查项目(编号: DD20190143)”资助

详细信息

作者简介: 刘德成(1978—),男,高级工程师,主要从事地质灾害评价与防治、矿山生态环境修复、土地利用与规划、水土环境污染控制与治理工作。Email: 9039462@qq.com。

中图分类号: P521.1;P642.5

收稿日期: 2023-04-12

修回日期: 2023-10-11

Weathering degree determination of volcanic rocks: A case study of Late Permian ultrabasic rocks and basic basalts in Western Guizhou Province

LIU Decheng¹^1,2,3,
2^4,5

1. Beijing Geological and Mineral Exploration and Development Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100050, China;

2. Beijing Institute of Geological Hazard Prevention, Beijing 100120, China;

3. Beijing Jingsheng Engineering Survey Co., Ltd., Beijing, 102206, China;

4. School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Hunan Changsha 410075, China;

5. MOE Key Laboratory of Engineering Structures of Heavy Haul Railway (Central South University), Hunan Changsha 410075, China

Received Date: 12 April 2023

Revised Date: 11 October 2023

摘要

摘要: 对岩石风化强度反应敏感的化学风化指标是定量评价岩石风化程度的重要参数。评述了包括帕克风化指数(weathering index of Parker,WIP)、风化势能指数(weathering potential index,WPI)、化学蚀变指数(chemical index of alteration,CIA)等12种在以往研究中被认为适合用于岩浆岩风化程度判定的化学风化指标的优点及其局限性。引入了岩石氧化因数X_o(X_o=Fe₂O₃/(FeO+Fe₂O₃))评价火山岩的风化程度,并使用该指标评价了12种化学风化指标在评价超基性岩和基性岩风化中的适用性。在黔西晚二叠世超基性岩和基性玄武岩的实际应用中,将X_o≤0.44和X_o≤0.55作为超基性岩和基性玄武岩未遭受风化的下限,结合定性分析结果,按风化程度将两种岩石分为新鲜岩石、微风化岩石、中风化岩石、强风化岩石和全风化岩石。X_o与12种化学风化指标散点交会的结果显示: BWI、A-FM、LOI这3种指标既适合于风化初期超基性岩和基性玄武岩风化程度的评价,也适合风化中后期超基性岩和基性玄武岩风化程度的评价,其余9种指标仅对风化中后期超基性岩和基性玄武岩的风化程度反应敏感。研究可为超基性岩和基性玄武岩岩质区的工程地质调查与勘察、潜在地质灾害评价、地质灾害隐患防治等提供新思路、新方法,对相似岩质区的岩体风化程度评价研究提供参考。
- 化学风化指标 /
- 岩石氧化因数 /
- 风化程度 /
- 超基性岩 /
- 基性玄武岩 /
- 黔西
Abstract: The chemical weathering index, which is sensitive to the response of rock weathering intensity, is an important parameter for quantitatively evaluating the degree of rock weathering. The advantages and limitations of 12 chemical weathering indicators were reviewed in this paper, including the weathering index of Parker (WIP), weathering potential index (WPI), and chemical index of alteration (CIA), which were considered suitable for determining the weathering degree of magmatic rocks in previous studies. The rock oxidation factor X_o(X_o=Fe₂O₃/(FeO+Fe₂O₃) was introduced to evaluate the weathering degree of volcanic rocks, and it was also used to evaluate the applicability of 12 chemical weathering indicators for analyzing the weathering of ultrabasic and basic rocks. In the practical application of Late Permian ultrabasic rocks and basic basalts in Western Guizhou Province, the lower limits for the unweathered ultrabasic rocks and basic basalts were X_o≤0.44 and X_o≤0.55. Based on the qualitative analysis results, these two types of rocks were divided into fresh rocks, slightly weathered rocks, moderately weathered rocks, strongly weathered rocks, and completely weathered rocks according to the degree of weathering. The scattered intersection results of X_o and 12 chemical weathering indicators show that BWI, A-FM, and LOI are not only suitable for evaluating the weathering degree of ultrabasic rocks and basic basalts in the early stage of weathering, but also suitable for evaluating the weathering degree of ultrabasic rocks and basic basalts in the middle and late stages of weathering. The other 9 indicators are only sensitive to response of results weathering degree of ultrabasic rocks and basic basalts in the middle and late stages of weathering. This research could provide new ideas and methods for engineering geological investigation and exploration, potential geological hazard evaluation, and prevention and control of geological hazard in ultrabasic and basic basalt rock areas, and provide guidance for the evaluation of rock weathering degree in similar rock areas.
- chemical weathering index /
- rock oxidation factor /
- weathering degree /
- ultrabasic rock /
- basic basalt /
- Western Guizhou Province

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火山岩风化程度的厘定——以黔西晚二叠世超基性岩和基性玄武岩为例

作者简介: 刘德成(1978—),男,高级工程师,主要从事地质灾害评价与防治、矿山生态环境修复、土地利用与规划、水土环境污染控制与治理工作。Email: 9039462@qq.com。

Weathering degree determination of volcanic rocks: A case study of Late Permian ultrabasic rocks and basic basalts in Western Guizhou Province

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