摘要:
大别山区是我国中部的生态屏障带,是长江水系和淮河水系等河流的重要水源补给区,探明其水资源涵养能力对区域生态系统保护和修复具有重要意义。选取大别山区西段基于生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估(integrated evaluation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs,InVEST)模型中的产水量模块,定量评价其水源涵养能力时空格局及演变特征。结果表明: 1980年、1990年、2000年、2010年和2018年研究区年均实际蒸散发值分别为 664 mm、642 mm、653 mm、600 mm和619 mm,5个年份研究区总产水量分别为255.8亿m3、219.7亿m3、199.5亿m3、195.0亿m3和222.8亿m3,空间上整体呈现自东南向西北减少的趋势,研究区不同年份的干燥指数分别为0.502、0.541、0.569、0.547和0.522,与产水量空间分布趋势相反; 研究区水源涵养能力变化存在明显的时空特异性,除降水因素外,人类活动导致的土地利用变化改变该区域内的水循环过程条件,进而影响水源涵养能力。研究结果可为大别山重要生态功能区的生态保护修复及生态系统功能调控提供参考。
Abstract:
Dabie Mountains is an ecological barrier belt in the middle part of China, and it is an important water supply area for many rivers in the Yangtze River and Huai River systems. The investigation of water source conservation capacity in this area is of significant importance for ecosystem protection and restoration. The water production module from integrated evaluation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs (InVEST) model was selected to quantitatively evaluate the spatio-temporal pattern and evolution characteristics in the western part of Dabie Mountains. The results show that the actual annual average evapotranspiration are 664 mm, 642 mm, 653 mm, 600 mm and 619 mm for 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2018 respectively, and that the whole water production for these five years are 25.58 billion m3, 21.97 billion m3, 19.95 billion m3, 19.50 billion m3 and 22.28 billion m3, the overall spatial trend is decreasing from southeast to northwest, with the aridity index of 0.502, 0.541, 0.569, 0.547 and 0.522 respectively, showing an opposite trend with water production spatial distribution. The temporal and spatial variation specificity is obvious in water source conservation capacity in this area. Besides the precipitation factor, the land usage change caused by human activities leads to the change of water circulation process, which further effect the water conservation capacity. The research results have important theoretical and practical values for ecosystem protection and restoration and ecosystem function regulation of important ecological function area in Dabie Mountains.
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