摘要:
氢气作为清洁能源,其大规模的开发利用被视为替代化石能源、解决环境问题的良好策略。基于国内外对于氢气赋存状态及相态的研究,结合地质条件下的温度和压力变化,得到以下认识: ①天然氢在地球浅部以游离态、溶解态和吸附态形式存在,深层则以金属氢化物存在。其状态转化是影响氢资源开发利用的关键因素; ②地质条件下,氢主要为超临界态,仅在接近地表时以气态释放,其特性研究仍有待深入; ③天然氢的勘探研究尚不充分。未来研究应聚焦于氢气的成藏模式、运移机制和保存条件,从而充分探索其开发潜力。此外,研究过程中还分析了各种赋存状态间的转化机制,为理解地球氢循环提供了新视角。天然氢的赋存状态及其转化机制的研究能够为天然氢的富集成藏机制提供理论基础,进一步为天然氢的开发利用提供参考。
关键词:
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天然氢
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相态
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赋存状态
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相态转化
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资源潜力
Abstract:
As a clean energy source, hydrogen is widely regarded as an effective strategy for replacing fossil fuels and mitigating environmental issues. Based on the domestic and international research on the occurrence state and phase of hydrogen, and combined with the variations in temperature and pressure under geological conditions, the authors concluded the following insights. ① Natural hydrogen is found in free, dissolved, and adsorbed states in earth's shallow layers and in metal hydrides state in earth's deeper layers. The transformation among these states constitutes a pivotal factor influencing the availability of hydrogen resources. ② In geological settings, natural hydrogen predominantly exists in a supercritical state, and it only transitions to a gaseous form near the surface. Further research is warranted to investigate its characteristics. ③ The potential for natural hydrogen development remains largely unrealized. Future research should focus on the accumulation patterns, migration mechanisms, and preservation conditions of hydrogen to thoroughly explore its development potential. Additionally, the transformation processes between different states provides a novel perspective on understanding the earth's hydrogen cycle. The study on the occurrence state and transformation processes of natural hydrogen could provide theory basis for the accumulation patterns of natural hydrogen, and references for further development and exploitation of natural hydrogen.
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