Stable chlorine isotopic signatures and fractionation mechanism of groundwater in Anyang, China
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Abstract:
The present work provides an online Bench II-IRMS technique for the measurement of stable chlorine isotope ratio, which is used to measure the δ37Cl of 38 groundwater samples from the Karst and Quaternary aquifers in Anyang area. The regional distribution and signature of δ37Cl value are characterized on the base of isotopic data. The results suggest that the δ37Cl value of Quaternary groundwater decreases with increasing Cl− concentration, and has no correlation with δ18O and δD values, but closely correlates with the depth to water table. The fractionation mechanism of the chlorine isotope is expounded according to the type of groundwater. The δ37Cl value of karst water is generally positive, which is relevant to the dissolution of evaporite (gypsum mine), and may be caused by the mixing of groundwater and precipitation. The groundwater of Quaternary unconfined aquifer is mainly recharged by precipitation, and the δ37Cl value of groundwater is generally negative. The δ37Cl value of groundwater in Quaternary confined aquifer is more negative with increasing the depth to water level and elevated Cl− concentration, which is possible to result from the isotope fractionation of ion filtration. The groundwater with inorganic pollutants in Quaternary unconfined aquifer has generally a positive δ37Cl value.
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Key words:
- North China Plain /
- Groundwater /
- Gas Bench II-IRMS /
- Chlorine isotope /
- Karst aquifer
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Table 1. Results of chemical compositions and isotope of groundwater in the Anyang area
Num Position Well Type Cl− δ37ClSMOC
(‰)δ18OVSMOW
(‰)δDVSMOW
(‰)001 Beishan Village 1 120 Karst water 16.1 0.25 −8.06 −60.7 002 Beishan Village 120 Karst water 15.9 0.30 −8.36 −62.6 003 Xi-quyang 160 Karst water 41.5 0.29 −7.47 −58.6 004 Shangtao Village 25 Quaternary 13.4 0.03 −8.22 −63.0 005 Shang-yanke 185 Karst water 28.2 0.07 −7.91 −61.7 006 Redflag canal C Canal water 52.1 0.48 −7.80 −62.0 007 Redflag canal sp Spring water 10.6 0.04 −8.78 −64.5 008 Jian Village sp Spring water 10.5 0.20 −8.43 −61.3 009 Guojia Village sp Spring water 8.6 −0.26 −9.59 −65.9 010 Ni-hetou 15 Quaternary 191.6 −0.28 −7.81 −58.4 011 Beiqu Ditch 40 Quaternary 87.4 0.12 −7.55 −57.4 012 Pearl-spring sp Spring water 14.9 0.15 −8.31 −64.1 013 Jishan Village 1 15 Quaternary 89.1 0.32 −7.74 −60.8 014 Jishan Village 2 20 Karst water 17.0 0.49 −8.27 −63.4 015 Gutuo Village 6 Quaternary 146.5 0.56 −7.16 −54.4 016 Zhongle Village 10 Quaternary 23.1 0.02 −7.64 −61.2 017 Shaojia Tun 40 Quaternary 37.9 0.65 −7.52 −58.8 018 Biaojian Village 19 Quaternary 85.3 0.13 −7.97 −61.2 019 Guo-wangdu 20 Quaternary 38.4 5.12 −8.41 −66.9 020 Geological seven 70 Quaternary 130.4 0.20 −7.61 −60.0 021 Xiao-nanhai sp Spring water 22.3 0.35 −7.89 −62.6 022 Zhang er Village 13 Karst water 15.7 0.35 −8.41 −62.2 023 Xiabao Village 20 Karst water 16.7 0.60 −8.32 −63.0 024 Tielu Village 20 Karst water 16.5 0.11 −8.33 −62.2 025 Xiao-tun Village 17 Karst water 16.0 0.17 −8.50 −64.2 026 Guojiayuan 18 Karst water 23.6 0.13 −7.92 −61.0 027 Xiaodian Village 18 Karst water 20.0 0.12 −8.41 −63.0 028 Bei-xiangkou 19 karst water 20.9 0.27 −8.47 −63.4 029 Jiao-jiawan 17 Quaternary 17.6 −0.02 −9.12 −66.1 030 Beiwu Village 30 Quaternary 48.7 0.20 −10.0 −75.6 031 Fengsu Village 40 Quaternary 85.3 0 −7.28 −56.0 032 Lu Villge 70 Quaternary 154.8 0.14 −8.69 −66.3 033 Bei-liugou 20 Quaternary 291.5 −0.01 −9.20 −71.1 034 Dudian Village 40 Quaternary 105.5 0.21 −8.30 −63.0 035 Shang-cheng 40 Quaternary 29.4 0.03 −8.16 −61.6 036 Shi-changtun 12 Quaternary 150.8 0.09 −7.20 −56.8 037 Gaojia Village 20 Quaternary 33.1 −0.14 −7.70 −61.5 038 Ma-toujian Village 70 Quaternary 52.6 0.19 −8.33 −64.6 
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Table 2. The measured chlorine isotope values of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea
Sampling location Sampling time（year） Measured
δ37Cl (‰)The Bohai sea Peitaiho 2010 0.06 Peitaiho (500 m from the shore) 2010 −0.10 Huanghua City, Hebei Province 2010 −0.08 Yellow Sea Yantai, Shandong 1995 0.00 The East China Sea Shanghai 2010 −0.01 Notes: ISL-354 seawater was used as the standard (Xiao et al. 2007)
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