A Review of Pyrite Mineralogy Research in Hydrothermal Gold Deposits
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摘要: 黄铁矿是热液金矿化体系中较为重要的矿物。黄铁矿精细矿物学研究是热液金矿床成矿机制研究的一个重要课题。黄铁矿的矿物学特征主要包括物理结构和化学成分特征。笔者综述了黄铁矿的形态、晶胞参数及热电性等物理结构特征和地球化学成分特征在热液金矿床的应用及其研究进展。黄铁矿的物理特征及其时空变化规律，可以定性约束成矿物理化学条件的演化过程。黄铁矿的微量和稀土元素组成、分布及演化特征，可以示踪成矿物质及成矿流体来源，进而获得有关矿床成因及金属沉淀机制等方面的信息。此外，近年来发展迅速的黄铁矿单矿物Re-Os同位素定年及原位微区稳定同位素（S、Pb）分析可以对确定金矿床精确成矿年代及精细成矿过程提供重要的参考信息。
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关键词:
- 黄铁矿矿物学 /
- 物理化学特征 /
- Re-Os同位素定年 /
- 原位S、Pb同位素 /
- 热液金矿
Abstract: Pyrite is one of the most important minerals in hydrothermal gold mineralization systems. The research on detailed mineralogy of pyrite has become a key topic in the study of metallogenic mechanism. The mineralogical characteristics of pyrite mainly include physical structure and chemical composition features. In this paper, the application and progress on the physical characteristics (such as crystal morphology, cell parameters, thermoelectricity) and geochemical characteristics of pyrite in hydrothermal gold deposits have been reviewed. The physical features of pyrite and its time-space variation law can be used to constrain qualitatively the evolution process of mineralization physicochemical conditions. The composition, distribution and evolution characteristics of REE and trace elements are effective tools for tracing the source of ore-forming materials and fluids, and then obtaining information on the genesis of the deposit and the mechanism of metal precipitation. Moreover, with the rapid innovation of analysis techniques, pyrite Re-Os isotopic dating and in situ S-Pb isotope analyses also provide important reference information on determining the precise metallogenic age and specific ore-forming process of hydrothermal gold deposits. -
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