Hetian Jade Metallogenic Factors Identification and Prospecting Prediction by Remote Sensing Technology: Example from Tashisayi Area in South Altyn
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摘要: 中国玉石文化源远流长，而国人对新疆和田玉更是喜爱有加。中国和田玉主要产在昆仑-阿尔金一带，由于其艰险的自然环境和复杂的地质演化过程，在这些地区一直以来较难开展相关地面调查工作，对在该地区进行玉石找矿造成极大的困扰，有关和田玉系统的勘查方法亦鲜有实例报道。近年来，在特殊地理环境下遥感技术的应用不断取得突破，为和田玉矿床的勘查提供一种新视角。笔者在分析南阿尔金塔什萨依一带和田玉成矿原理的基础上，总结成矿条件，梳理地质找矿标志与遥感应用要点，采用ASTER和Worldview-2数据，以岩性指数法提取与成矿有关的中酸性侵入体和大理岩；通过主成分分析提取和田玉蚀变分带信息；以人机交互解译的方式识别与成玉有关的"三位一体"构造重合面。在此基础上结合前人研究成果建立遥感找矿模型，圈定6处找矿远景区，其中2处与矿业生产活动相关，证明遥感找矿法在和田玉矿产勘查中的可行性，为今后寻找同类型的矿床提供借鉴和参考。Abstract: Chinese jade culture has a long history, and Chinese people are more interested in Xinjiang Hetian jade. Due to the orebody of Hetian jade always is occurred in the northwest hash environment and experienced complex geological evolution process, making these areas too difficult to deploy ground investigation, these factors disturb the prospecting work, so there are fewer instances about the Hetian jade exploration method. Recently, the remote sensing technology breakthrough has been made in geological application in hash natural environment, and provides a new prospective for prospecting the Hetian jade deposit. Based on metallogenic theory of the Hetian jade, this paper adopt ASTER and Worldview-2 to identify the intermediate acid intrusions and marble related to mineralization through lithological index, and to extract the alternation mineral by principal component analysis. Moreover, human-machine interaction interpretation can be used to identify the "structure trinity" that related to jade metallization. And then, the remote sensing prospecting model can be established on the basis of the metallogenic factors and combined predecessors research results. Using this model, 6 targets mineralization prospects have been delineated, in which 2 of them are near the known jade deposits. The results prove the feasibility of remote sensing prospecting method in mineral exploration of Hetian jade, and the results indicate that the whole study can provide reference and experience for the future search for the same type of deposits.
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