Paleo-Tethys tectonic-magmatic evolution and mineralization in the Truong Son metallogenic belt, Laos-Vietnam
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摘要: 老挝-越南长山成矿带位于特提斯构造成矿域东南段，发育大量古特提斯旋回岩浆岩和铜-金-铁-锡等多金属矿床，是研究东特提斯构造岩浆演化与成矿作用的天然实验室。本文系统梳理了长山成矿带的成岩成矿时代、矿床组合和岩石地球化学研究成果，揭示了长山成矿带古特提斯时期的岩浆岩时空格架，构建了晚石炭—中二叠世(317~264 Ma)哀牢山-马江洋的俯冲、中二叠—晚三叠世(263~235 Ma)华南地体与印支地体的碰撞以及晚三叠世(234~202 Ma)碰撞后伸展等构造演化过程。初步建立了长山成矿带各阶段的成矿模式，包括俯冲期斑岩-矽卡岩型Fe-Cu-Au和浅成低温热液型Cu-Au-Ag成矿(305~279 Ma)、碰撞期斑岩-矽卡岩型Sn和矽卡岩型Fe-Au成矿(249~236 Ma)、伸展期热液脉型Au矿化(212~204 Ma)。受限于晚三叠世晚期岩浆活动和成矿作用研究资料的缺乏，碰撞后伸展阶段的成矿作用仍有待进一步研究。Abstract: The Truong Son metallogenic belt which spans Laos and Vietnam is located in the southeast part of the Tethys tectonic-metallogenic domain. It develops a large number of Paleo-Tethys igneous rocks and Cu-Au-Fe-Sn polymetallic deposits, which makes the Truong Son belt a natural laboratory for studying the tectonic-magmatic evolution and mineralization of the Eastern Tethys. This paper systematically combs the research findings of diagenetic and metallogenic age, deposit assemblage and whole-rock geochemistry in the Truong Son metallogenic belt, and reveals the temporal and spatial framework of igneous rocks in the Paleo-Tethys period of the Truong Son metallogenic belt, and establishes the tectonic evolution processes, including the subduction of Ailaoshan-Song Ma ocean plate in the Late Carboniferous to Middle Permian (317~264 Ma), the collision between the South China block and the Indochina block in the middle Permian to Late Triassic (263~235 Ma), and the post-collision extension process in the Late Triassic (234~202 Ma). The metallogenic model of the Truong Son belt is preliminary established, including porphyry-skarn type Fe-Cu-Au and epithermal type Cu-Au-Ag mineralization (305~279 Ma) in subduction period, porphyry-skarn type Sn and skarn type Fe-Au mineralization (249~236 Ma) in collision period and hydrothermal vein type Au mineralization (212~204 Ma) in extension period. Since there are few reports on magmatism and mineralization in the Late Triassic, the mineralization of extensional period still needs to be further studied.
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