Pore-throat structure and fractal characteristics of dolomite reservoir in the Buqu Formation in the southern depression, Qiangtang Basin
-
摘要: 羌塘盆地中侏罗统布曲组白云岩为非均质性强的低孔、低渗储层，孔喉结构评价难度较大。选取南羌塘坳陷布曲组20件白云岩岩心样品，通过铸体薄片、扫描电镜观察，结合物性分析和常规压汞实验，研究其孔喉分布和分形特征，探索分形维数与白云岩储层物性参数、孔喉结构参数、孔隙成因之间的关系。结果表明：（1）研究区布曲组白云岩储集空间类型包括组构选择性孔隙、非组构选择性孔隙、裂缝3类，依据毛管压力曲线特征将其孔喉结构分为5种类型，其分形曲线具有明显的转折点，转折点为孔喉分布峰值，代表连通性好的大尺度孔喉向连通性差的小尺度孔喉的转变；（2）小尺度孔喉的层内非均质性较弱、层间非均质性强，大尺度孔喉的分形维数比小尺度孔喉小，但分布区间较宽，样品间差异明显，表明大尺度孔喉复杂多样，层间（整体）非均质性比小尺度强；（3）大尺度孔喉的分形维数与储层参数、孔喉结构参数相关性较好，可用于布曲组白云岩储层的孔喉结构定量表征，大尺度孔喉分形维数越小，储层物性越好，大尺度孔喉占比越多对储层整体渗透能力的贡献越大；（4）该套储层的储集空间与孔喉结构以沉积形成的碳酸盐沉积物孔隙为基础，白云石化作用和溶蚀作用共同控制了孔喉结构的差异性。Abstract: Pore-throat structure of dolomite reservoir with strong heterogeneity, and with low porosity and permeability is very complex, so it is difficult to evaluate the pore-throat structure of the Mid-Jurassic Buqu Formation in Qiangtang Basin. Based on thin section observation, SEM, porosity and permeability test and mercury injection capillary pressure test of twenty dolomite core samples, to study the pore throat distribution and fractal characteristics, and to exploring the relationship between fractal dimension and physical parameters and pore throat structure parameters. The results show that:(1) The types of dolomite reservoir space include fabric-selective porosity, non-fabric-selective porosity and fracture, and according to the characteristics of capillary pressure curves, the pore throat structures were divided into 5 types, and the fractal curve has obvious turning point, a turning point for the distribution of pore throat peak, on behalf of the connectivity of good large-scale pore connectivity to the small scale of the pore throat of poor change. (2) The heterogeneity of small-scale pore throat is weak in layer and strong in interlayer. The fractal dimension of large-scale pore throat is smaller than that of small-scale pore throat, but the distribution range is wider and the difference between samples is obvious, which indicates that large-scale Pore throat is complex and diverse, interlayer heterogeneity is stronger than small-scale pore throat. (3) The fractal dimension of large-scale pore-throat has a good correlation with reservoir parameters and pore-throat structure parameters, which can be used to quantitatively characterize the pore-throat structure of Buqu Formation dolomite reservoir. The smaller the fractal dimension of large-scale pore-throat, the better the reservoir physical property, and the larger the proportion of large-scale pore-throat, the greater the contribution to the overall permeability of reservoir. (4) The reservoir space and pore-throat structure of Buqu Formation dolomite reservoir were based on the carbonate sediment pores formed by deposition. Dolomitization and dissolution jointly control the difference of pore-throat structure.
-
-
Amaefule J O, Altunbay M, Tiab D, et al., 1993.Enhanced reservoir description:using core and log data to identify hydraulic (flow) units and predict permeability in uncored intervals/wells[J].In SPE annual technical conference and exhibition.OnePetro.
Angulo R F, Alvarado V, Gonzalez H, 1992.Fractal dimensions from mercury intrusion capillary tests[C].In SPE Latin America Petroleum Engineering Conference.One Petro.
Bagrintseva K I, 2015.Carbonate reservoir rocks[M].New York:John Wiley & Sons.
Bansal A R, Gabriel G, Dimri V P, 2010.Power law distribution of susceptibility and density and its relation to seismic properties:An example from the German Continental Deep Drilling Program (KTB)[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics, 72(2):123-128.
Bu H,Ju Y, Tan J, et al., 2015.Fractal characteristics of pores in non-marine shales from the Huainan coalfield, eastern China[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 24, 166-177.
Cai Y, Liu D, Pan Z, et al., 2016.Investigating the effects of seepage-pores and fractures on coal permeability by fractal analysis[J].Transport in Porous Media, 111(2):479-497.
Daigle H, Thomas B, Rowe H, et al., 2014.Nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of shallow marine sediments from the Nankai Trough, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 333[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 119(4):2631-2650.
Dutta T,Tarafdar S, 2003.Fractal pore structure of sedimentary rocks:Simulation by ballistic deposition[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 108(B2).
Feranie S, Fauzi U, Bijaksana S, 2011.3D fractal dimension and flow properties in the pore structure of geological rocks[J].Fractals, 19(3):291-297.
Ge X, Fan Y, Deng S, et al., 2016.An improvement of the fractal theory and its application in pore structure evaluation and permeability estimation[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 121(9):6333-6345.
Katz A, Thompson A H, 1985.Fractal sandstone pores:Implications for conductivity and pore formation[J].Physical Review Letters, 54(12):1325.
Krohn C E, 1988.Fractal measurements of sandstones, shales, and carbonates[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 93(B4):3297-3305.
Krohn C E, 1988.Sandstone fractal and Euclidean pore volume distributions[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 93(B4):3286-3296.
Kyle J R,Ketcham R A, 2015.Application of high resolution X-ray computed tomography to mineral deposit origin, evaluation, and processing[J].Ore Geology Reviews, 65, 821-839.
Lai J, Wang G, Fan Z, et al., 2017.Three-dimensional quantitative fracture analysis of tight gas sandstones using industrial computed tomography[J].Scientific Reports, 7(1):1-12.
Lai J, Wang S, Wang G, et al., 2019.Pore structure and fractal characteristics of Ordovician Majiagou carbonate reservoirs in Ordos Basin, China[J].AAPG Bulletin, 103(11):2573-2596.
Lai J, Wang G, 2015.Fractal analysis of tight gas sandstones using high-pressure mercury intrusion techniques[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 24:185-196.
Li K, 2010.Analytical derivation of Brooks-Corey type capillary pressure models using fractal geometry and evaluation of rock heterogeneity[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 73(1-2):20-26.
Li P, Zheng M, Bi H, et al., 2017.Pore throat structure and fractal characteristics of tight oil sandstone:a case study in the Ordos Basin, China[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 149, 665-674.
Li Y H, Lu G Q, Rudolph V, 1999.Compressibility and fractal dimension of fine coal particles in relation to pore structure characterisation using mercury porosimetry[J].Particle & Particle Systems Characterization:Measurement and Description of Particle Properties and Behavior in Powders and Other Disperse Systems, 16(1):25-31.
Liang L,Xiong J, Liu X, 2015.An investigation of the fractal characteristics of the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation shale using nitrogen adsorption analysis[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 27:402-409.
Liu X,Nie B, 2016.Fractal characteristics of coal samples utilizing image analysis and gas adsorption[J].Fuel, 182:314-322.
Lu H, Tang H, Wang M, et al., 2021.Pore structure characteristics and permeability prediction model in a cretaceous carbonate reservoir, North Persian Gulf Basin[J].Geofluids, DOI:10.1155/2021/8876679.
Mandelbrot B B, Benoit B M, 1982.The fractal geometry of nature (Vol.1)[M].New York:WH freeman.
Norbisrath J H, Eberli G P, Laurich B, et al., 2015.Electrical and fluid flow properties of carbonate microporosity types from multiscale digital image analysis and mercury injection[J].AAPG Bulletin, 99(11), 2077-2098.
Sha F, Xiao L, Mao Z, et al., 2018.Petrophysical characterization and fractal analysis of carbonate reservoirs of the eastern margin of the pre-Caspian Basin[J].Energies, 12(1):78.
Wan Y L, Lin J S, Zhao Z, et al., 2022.Origin of the dolomite in the Buqu Formation (Mid-Jurassic) in the south depression of the Qiangtang Basin, Tibet:Evidence from petrographic and geochemical constraints[J].Frontiers in Earth Science, doi:10.3389/feart.2022.944701.
Wang F, Lian P, Jiao L, et al., 2018.Fractal analysis of microscale and nanoscale pore structures in carbonates using high-pressure mercury intrusion[J].Geofluids, 2018.
Wang H, Liu Y, Song Y, et al., 2012.Fractal analysis and its impact factors on porestructure of artificial cores based on the images obtained using magnetic resonance imaging[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics, 86:70-81.
Washburn E W, 1921.The dynamics of capillaryflow[J].Physical Review, 17(3):273.
Weger R J, Eberli G P, Baechle G T, et al., 2009.Quantification of pore structure and its effect on sonic velocity and permeability in carbonates[J].AAPG Bulletin, 93(10):1297-1317.
Xie S, Cheng Q, Ling Q, et al., 2010.Fractal and multifractal analysis of carbonate pore-scale digital images of petroleum reservoirs[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology, 27(2):476-485.
Yao Y, Liu D, Tang D, et al., 2009.Fractal characterization of seepage-pores of coals from China:an investigation on permeability ofcoals[J].Computers & Geosciences, 35(6):1159-1166.
Zhang Z, Weller A, 2014.Fractal dimension of pore-space geometry of an Eocene sandstone formation[J].Geophysics, 79(6):D377-D387.
Zhu H,Zhong D, Zhang T, et al., 2018.Diagenetic controls on the reservoir quality of fine-grained "tight" sandstones:A case study based on NMR analysis[J].Energy & Fuels, 32(2):1612-1623.
陈浩,陈明,孙伟,等,2018.羌塘盆地隆鄂尼-鄂斯玛古油藏中侏罗统布曲组岩相古地理研究[J].沉积与特提斯地质,38(2):74-81.
陈明,孙伟,陈浩,等,2020.西藏南羌塘鄂斯玛地区中侏罗统布曲组沉积特征及油气地质意义[J].沉积与特提斯地质,40(3):96-101.
陈昱林,曾焱,段永明,等,2018.川西龙门山前雷口坡组四段白云岩储层孔隙结构特征及储层分类[J].石油实验地质,40(5):621-631.
邓虎成,周文,郭睿,等,2014.伊拉克艾哈代布油田中-下白垩统碳酸盐岩储层孔隙结构及控制因素[J].岩石学报,40(3):801-812.
付修根,廖忠礼,刘建清,等,2007.南羌塘盆地扎仁地区中侏罗统布曲组沉积环境特征及其对油气地质条件的控制作用[J].中国地质,34(4):599-605.
郭振华,李光辉,吴蕾,等,2011.碳酸盐岩储层孔隙结构评价方法——以土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸气田为例[J].石油学报,32(3):459-465.
何胜林,张海荣,马文宏,等,2017.常规测井评价复杂砂岩储层孔隙结构的方法与应用——以莺歌海盆地黄流组储层为例[J].地球物理学进展,32(6):2642-2649.
季长军,陈程,吴珍汉,等,2000.羌塘盆地中侏罗统砂糖状白云岩流体包裹体碳-氧同位素分析及白云岩成因机制讨论[J].地质论评,66(5):1186-1198.
李启来,高春文,伊海生,等,2013.羌塘盆地羌D2井布曲组碳酸盐岩储层特征研究[J].长江大学学报(自科版),10(32):20-22.
李启来,伊海生,梁定勇,等,2014.羌塘盆地隆鄂尼-昂达尔错地区中侏罗统布曲组碳酸盐岩储层特征研究[J].科学技术与工程,14(31):183-188.
李伟强,穆龙新,赵伦,等.2020.滨里海盆地东缘石炭系碳酸盐岩储集层孔喉结构特征及对孔渗关系的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,47(5):958-971.
刘建清,杨平,陈文彬,等,2010.羌塘盆地中央隆起带南侧隆鄂尼-昂达尔错布曲组古油藏白云岩特征及成因机制[J].地学前缘,17(1):312-321.
牟传龙,2022.关于相的命名及其分类的建议[J].沉积与特提斯地质,42(3):331-339.DOI:10.19826/j.cnki.1009-3850.2022.03001.
秦瑞宝,李雄炎,刘春成,等,2015.碳酸盐岩储层孔隙结构的影响因素与储层参数的定量评价[J].地学前缘,22(1):251-259.
孙伟,陈明,万友利,等,2020.封闭系统中的白云石化作用过程及其油气地质意义——以南羌塘坳陷中侏罗统布曲组白云岩为例[J].地质论评,66(5):1217-1229.
谭富文,张润合,王剑,等,2016.羌塘晚三叠世-早白垩世裂陷盆地基底构造[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),43(5):513-521.
万友利,王剑,付修根,等,2018a.羌塘盆地南部古油藏带布曲组白云岩地球化学特征及成因机制[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),45(2):4-16.
万友利,王剑,付修根,等,2018b.羌塘盆地南坳陷古油藏带中侏罗统布曲组白云岩元素地球化学特征及意义[J].沉积与特提斯地质,38(2):25-37.
万友利,王剑,谭富文,等,2017.羌塘盆地隆鄂尼-昂达尔错地区布曲组白云岩储层成因及孔隙演化特征[J].东北石油大学学报,41(3):21-33.
万友利,赵瞻,胡志中,等,2021.羌塘盆地中侏罗统布曲组白云岩有序度与晶胞参数的影响因素及地质意义[J].沉积与特提斯地质,41(4):512-523.
万友利,王剑,付修根,等,2020.羌塘盆地南坳陷中侏罗统布曲组白云岩储层成因流体同位素地球化学示踪[J].石油与天然气地质,41(1):189-200.
万云,詹俊,陶卉.2008.碳酸盐岩储层孔隙结构研究[J].油气田地面工程,27(12):13-14.
王成善,伊海生,刘池洋,等,2004.西藏羌塘盆地古油藏发现及其意义[J].石油与天然气地质,25(2):139-143.
王剑,付修根,沈利军,等,2020.论羌塘盆地油气勘探前景[J].地质论评,66(5):1091-1113.
王琨,周航宇,赖杰,等,2020.核磁共振技术在岩石物理与孔隙结构表征中的应用[J].仪器仪表学报,41(2):101-114.
王瑞飞,张祺,邵晓岩,等,2020.多尺度CT成像技术识别超低渗透砂岩储层纳米级孔喉[J].地球物理学进展,35(1):188-196.
王伟,宋渊娟,黄静,等,2021.利用高压压汞实验研究致密砂岩孔喉结构分形特征[J].地质科技通报,40(4):22-30+48.
王伟,朱玉双,余彩丽,等,2019.鄂尔多斯盆地致密砂岩储层孔喉分布特征及其差异化成因[J].天然气地球科学,30(10):1439-1450.
王羽珂,王剑,万友利,等,2017.南羌塘坳陷古油藏带布曲组白云岩储层特征及控制因素分析[J].沉积与特提斯地质,37(1):1-8.
杨敬红,李雄炎,秦瑞宝,等,2013.碳酸盐岩储层孔喉结构和储层参数的分析与反演[J].地质科技情报,32(2):118-123.
杨日红,李才,杨德明,等,2000.西藏羌塘盆地中生代构造岩相演化及油气远景[J].长春科技大学学报,30(3):237-242.
伊海生,陈志勇,季长军,等,2014.羌塘盆地南部地区布曲组砂糖状白云岩埋藏成因的新证据[J].岩石学报,30(3):737-782.
伊海生,高春文,张小青,等,2004.羌塘盆地双湖地区古油藏白云岩储层的显微成岩组构特征及意义[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),31(6):611-615.
张立强,纪友亮,李永铁,等,2001.羌塘盆地侏罗系白云岩储层特征研究[J].石油实验地质,23(4):384-389.
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 892
- PDF下载数: 89
- 施引文献: 0
下载: