Distinctive variations between slow-and rapid-sedimentations and their different spatiotemporal distributions in the central and western part of coastal plain of Lidaodong Bay since Late Pleistocene
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摘要: 研究河海相互作用下的沉积过程，对了解海岸演化过程和趋势、制定基于自然的生态系统保护修复方案具有重要意义。本文以辽东湾沿海平原中西部地区为研究区，根据38个反映晚更新世以来海陆地层时空变化的海陆标志点（the land-sea change indicators）（作者积累的33个、前人的5个），本文获得了辽东湾沿海平原中西部的4条具有沉积等时线的地层剖面，揭示了晚更新世-全新世明显的低速沉积（slow-sedimentation）和快速沉积（rapid-sedimentation）的变化特征。现有证据表明，在研究区南部现代海岸线附近向陆侧，该低速沉积具有至少始于～40 ka之前、埋深很浅（现代高程～-15 m）的时空分布特征。当全新世海侵向北推进、于～6.24 ka在距现代海岸线～60～70 km的新民地区停顿下来，随后转为海退之后，低速沉积仍持续至～1.5 ka时（甚至更晚），平均沉积速率仅～0.1 mm/a。随即转入时长仅1.5～1 ka左右的快速加积期，加积厚度～10 m，平均沉积速率> 5 mm/a。另外，在与浅丘陵区接壤的研究区西北侧和东北侧外缘（后者并向东延伸至辽东湾平原的东部），还有另一次局部的、稍早发生于～3 ka时的快速加积事件，其泛滥扇覆于全新世海侵层顶板之上，沉积速率甚至可达厘米/年级别。发生于～3 ka前后和～1.5～1 ka的这两次覆盖在海退潮间带海相层之上的河流泛滥扇快速加积，构成了辽东湾沿海平原的现代地貌（～10 m和～5 m阶面）。近0.5 ka以来的新近快速加积，最终填充了研究区东南部的盘锦湾洼地，完成了研究区南部的成陆过程。Abstract: It is of great significance to study the sedimentation process under the interaction between river and sea to understand the coastal evolution process and trend, and to make conservation and restoration plans based on nature.In this paper, the central and western areas of Liaodong Bay coastal plain are taken as the research area.According to the 38 land-sea change indicators, 33 collected by the authors and 5 from the others, four stratigraphic profiles with depositional isochrons in the central and western part of the Liaodong Bay coastal plain have been obtained.The results revealed obvious characteristics of the slow-sedimentation and the subsequent rapid-sedimentation since Late Pleistocene.The present evidence, found in the landward side near the modern coastline of the study area, shows that the low-velocity deposition began at least~40 ka before, and its buried depth was very shallow(the elevation~-15m).After the Holocene transgression advanced northwards in~6.24 ka to Xinmin area, ~60~70 km from the present coastline, the slow-sedimentation continued until~1.5 ka(or even later), with an average depositional rate around 0.1 mm/a.Then, a rapid sedimentation period, with~10 m of thickness and an average deposition rate of> 5 mm/a, lasted for 1.5~1 ka.In addition, in the periphery of the study area, another rapid accretion event occurred earlier in~3 ka with an average depositional rate of> 1 cm/a.Thick fluvial inundation fans, formed during such two rapid accretion periods, overlapped successively on the regressive intertidal flat and constitute the modern landscape of the Liaodong Bay coastal plain(surface elevations~10 m and~5 m, respectively).The recent rapid accretion since~0.5 ka filled up in the Panjinwan Depression, and finally completed the land forming process in the south of the study area.
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