Review on geological characteristics and mineralization of the Karoo Supergroup, Tanzania
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摘要: 卡鲁超群代表了坦桑尼亚境内最早的显生宙沉积，境内地层连续性较好，主要发育于一系列由裂谷引起沉降进而形成的半地堑-地堑盆地中。在综合研究坦桑尼亚卡鲁超群的区域地质分布、岩性组合、沉积环境分析以及孢粉生物学等资料的基础上，结合地质年代学特征系统厘定了卡鲁超群内部各组、段的沉积层序、沉积相和沉积时代，并对这套地层的含矿性特征进行了归纳、总结。综合分析认为，坦桑尼亚卡鲁超群的岩性总体表现为一套砂岩-页岩组合，其沉积时限为晚石炭世至早侏罗世，沉积环境自下而上分别为冰川相、湖泊相、河流相，与南非典型的卡鲁超群具有可比性；显示出良好的煤矿和砂岩型铀矿成矿潜力，并且存在许多油气、石墨资源找矿线索。
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关键词:
- 卡鲁超群(Karoo Supergroup) /
- 沉积环境 /
- 含矿性 /
- 坦桑尼亚
Abstract: The Karoo Supergroup in Tanzania represent the earliest Phanerozoic deposition.The stratum is generally continuous, mainly formed in a series of half graben-graben basins that caused by rifting.Based on the comprehensive study of the regional geological distribution, lithologic composition, sedimentary environment analysis and the pollen biological characteristics,the sedimentary sequence, sedimentary facies and the age of sedimentation of each group, section of the Karoo supergroup are systematically studied.The ore-bearing characteristics of this stratum is summarized.According to the study, the lithology of the Karoo Supergroup in Tanzania is generally represented by a suite of sandstone-shale.The deposition time span is from the Late Permian to the Early Cretaceous, and the sedimentary environment from bottom upward is the glacial facies, lake facies and river facies.It is comparable to the typical Karoo Supergroup in South Africa.It also shows good mineralization potential of coal mines and sandstone-type uranium deposits; meanwhile, there are many oil and gas resources, graphite prospecting clues.-
Key words:
- Karoo Supergroup /
- sedimentary environment /
- mineralization /
- Tanzania
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