MICROBIAL CARBONATES: A REVIEW AND PERSPECTIVES
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摘要: 在查阅国内外大量文献资料的基础上,回顾与综述了微生物碳酸盐岩近几年的研究现状及进展。微生物碳酸盐岩是由钙化微生物(蓝绿菌、微藻等)在微生物作用、沉积作用及成岩作用的共同作用下形成的,其种类繁多,包括叠层石、凝块石、树形石、均一石、核形石和纹理石等。它在各个地质历史时期均有发育,但主要繁盛于中新元古代和早古生代;自显生宙以来,随着后生动物的繁育微生物碳酸盐岩总体呈衰退趋势。另外,微生物对白云石的直接沉淀、碳酸盐泥丘及第五类原生沉积构造的形成具有重要作用。近年来,对微生物碳酸盐岩研究的发展使得碳酸盐岩的成因及分类得到了补充与完善。Abstract: The authors reviewed and summarized the historical and current status and the perspectives of the study on microbial carbonates based on the previous researches. Microbial carbonates were formed by calcified microbes (e.g.cyanobacteria, microalgae, etc.) under the combination of microbial processes, sedimentary processes, and diagenetic processes. Microbial carbonates consist of a variety of types, including stromatolites, thrombolites, dendrolites, leiolites, oncolites, and laminites. Microbial carbonates developed in all geological time, with its great abundance in Meso-Neoproterozoic, showing general declining trend in the Phanerozoic. In addition, microbes play an important role in the formation of primary dolomite, carbonate mud mounds, and the fifth primary sedimentary structures. Recently, the development of the research on microbial carbonates supplements and completes the genesis and classification of carbonates.
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