NORMAL MOVEOUT STRETCH CORRECTION AND ITS PROCESSING METHOD
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摘要: 动校正是地震数据处理的重要步骤,当偏移距反射深度比较大时动校正处理使同相轴产生拉伸畸变。常规的动校正切除处理是以牺牲大偏移距地震道信号为代价的。通过理论推导可以得出:交叉同相轴对应着最大的拉伸量,动校正后出现同相轴的增加、混叠乃至畸变;未交叉同相轴动校正后波形变"胖",其主频降低,频带变窄,振幅值拉大。因此研究无拉伸动校正方法对于提高地震资料的信噪比和分辨率具有重要意义。基于频谱替换的无拉伸动校正方法使得远道信息得到保留,使用该方法后远道有效叠加次数增加,同相轴更连续,易于识别和追踪,适用于海上地震资料处理。Abstract: The normal moveout correction(NMO) is an important step in seismic data processing. After the digital NMO correction, the events with large ratio of offset and reflection depth have the phenomenon of stretch and distortion. NMO mute causes the loss of effective data with large ratio of offset and reflection depth. Conclusions can be drawn through theoretical calculation. If the events are overlapped, they have the maximum stretch value. After the correction, the events having the appearance of distortion and the number will be increased. Otherwise, the events will show a fat wave shape, the dominant frequency will decrease, the frequency band will be narrow and the amplitude larger. Therefore, it's significant to study the non-stretch correction method. With the method, the signal-noise ratio and resolution of seismic data can be improved. Using the spectrum based moveout method, the information of large offset and effective stacking times increase. The events will be more continuous and become easier to recognize and trace. This method is suitable for marine seismic data processing.
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