REEF-BUILDING CORAL COMMUNITY AND EVOLUTIONARY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FRINGING REEFS ON THE WEST COAST OF XUWEN COUNTY,LEIZHOU PENINSULA
-
摘要: 雷州半岛徐闻西南海岸发育中国陆地最南端的珊瑚岸礁,这也是目前陆地海岸仅存的珊瑚岸礁。该区域内现生石珊瑚以滨珊瑚、蜂巢珊瑚、鹿角珊瑚、角蜂巢珊瑚、蔷薇珊瑚、扁脑珊瑚、牡丹珊瑚等为优势种,礁栖生物主要以软体动物和节肢动物为主,构成鹿角珊瑚-蜂巢珊瑚-滨珊瑚群落。根据珊瑚生态特征和礁坪发育的地貌特征,可以把徐闻灯楼角岸礁从岸向海分为潮间砂石覆盖带、潮下内礁坪珊瑚碎块沉积带、潮下外礁坪活珊瑚生长稀疏带和潮下礁坪外缘活珊瑚繁盛带。潮下外礁坪和礁坪外缘带以角孔珊瑚为优势种,珊瑚礁区相对海平面和表层海温的变化以及沿岸的富营养物质注入,对珊瑚礁的生长发育起着决定性作用,并从珊瑚礁的发育中可知该区珊瑚礁主要形成于全新世中期。近几年,珊瑚礁覆盖率的调查显示,气候和沿海岸城镇建设及人口增加引起的环境变化导致了本区珊瑚礁优势种的转变,并诱发了群落结构的动态变化。Abstract: Fringing reefs are well developed on the southwest coast of Xuwen County at the Leizhou Peninsula, southernmost tip of China mainland. They are the only fringing coral reefs remaining on the coast of the mainland. Living corals in the fringing coral reefs consist of Porites, Favia, Acropora, Favite, Montipora, Platygyra and Pavona, dominated by Acropora-Favia-Porites community. Molluscs and arthropods are the main dwelling organisms. According to the coral ecology and reef-flat topographic features, the Dengloujiao fringing reef on the west coast of Xuwen County can be divided into 4 zones from the shore to the sea:1) the intertidal zone covered by sand and gravel, 2) the subtidal inner reef-flat with coral fragment and bioclast deposits, 3) the subtidal outer reef-flat with sparse living corals, and 4) the subtidal reef-flat rim of living corals. Goniopora is the dominant species in subtidal outer reef-flat and reef-flat rim. Relative sea-level changes, sea surface temperature variations and coastal eutrophication influx significantly affect the growth of coral reefs. The fringing coral reefs are primarily formed in the mid-Holocene based on the analysis of reef development and evolution. Recent surveys on the coral reefs indicate that the environmental changes caused by climate changes, coastal civil construction and population increase resulted in the changes in dominant coral species in reefal area, and the dynamic changes in the coral community.
-
-
[1] 赵焕庭, 王丽荣, 宋朝景,等, 徐闻珊瑚礁[M]. 广州:广东科技出版社, 2009.[ZHAO Huanting, WANG Lirong, SONG Chaojing, et al. Xu wen Coral Reefs[M]. Guangzhou:Guangdong Science and Technology Publishing House, 2009.]
[2] 宋朝景, 赵焕庭, 王丽荣. 华南大陆沿岸珊瑚礁的特点与分析[J]. 热带地理,2007,27(4):294-299.
[SONG Chaojing, ZHAO Huanting, WANG Lirong. Characteristics of the coral reefs along continental coast of South China[J]. Tropical Geography, 2007,27(4):294-299.]
[3] 赵焕庭, 王丽荣, 宋朝景,等. 雷州半岛灯楼角珊瑚岸礁的特征[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2002,22(2):35-40.
[ZHAO Huanting, WANG Lirong, SONG Chaojing, et al.features of fringing reef at DengLoujiao, Leizhou Peninsula[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2002,22(2):35-40.]
[4] 赵焕庭, 王丽荣, 宋朝景. 徐闻县西岸珊瑚礁存在与发展的条件[J]. 热带地理,2008,28(3):234-241.
[ZHAO Huanting, WANG Lirong, SONG Chaojing. Existing and developing conditions of coral reef on the west Xuwen County[J]. Tropical Geography, 2008, 28(3):234-241.]
[5] 李志强. 雷州半岛海岸带生态环境脆弱性初探[J]. 资源开发与市场,2008,24(10):905-907.
[LI Zhiqiang. Study on ecological environment vulnerability of coastal zone in Leizhou Peninsula[J]. Resource Development and Market, 2008,24(10):905-907.]
[6] 牛文涛, 徐宪忠, 林荣澄,等. 沉积物对珊瑚礁及礁区生物的影响[J]. 海洋通报,2010(1):106-112.[NIU Wentao, XU Xianzhong, LIN Rongcheng,et al. Effects of sedimentation on coral reefs and reef organisms[J]. Marine Science Bulletin, 2010
(1):106-112.]
[7] 詹文欢, 朱照宇, 姚衍桃,等. 南海西北部珊瑚礁记录所反映的新构造运动[J]. 第四纪地质,2006,26(1):77-84.
[ZHAN Wenhuan, ZHU Zhaoyu, YAO Yantao,et al. Neotectonic movement recorded in coral reefs in the northwestern South China Sea[J]. QuaternarySciences, 2006,26(1):77-84.]
[8] 赵焕庭, 宋朝景, 王丽荣,等. 雷州半岛灯楼角珊瑚礁初步观察[J]. 海洋通报,2001,20(2):87-91.
[ZHAO Huanting, SONG Chaojing, WANG Lirong, et al. Pleliminary study on the coral reef in Leizhou Peninsula[J]. Marine Science Bulletin, 2001, 20(2):87-91.]
[9] [10] 王丽荣, 陈锐球, 赵焕庭. 徐闻珊瑚礁自然保护区礁栖生物初步研究[J]. 海洋科学,2008,32(2):56-62.
[WANG Lirong, CHEN Ruiqiu, ZHAO Huanting. A preliminary study on coral-associated communities in the Xuwen coral reef conservation[J]. Marine Science, 2008,32(2):56-62.]
[11] 沈国英,施并章.海洋生态学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2006.[SHEN Guoying, SHI Bingzhang. Marine Ecology[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2006.]
[12] 赵焕庭, 王丽荣, 宋朝景,等. 广东徐闻县西部沿岸海域的珊瑚虫纲物种[J]. 台湾海峡,2009,28(3):405-409.
[ZHAO Huanting, WANG Lirong, SONG Chaojing, et al. Anthozoa species in western littoral waters of Xuwen County, Guangdong Province[J]. Journal of Oceanogrphy in Taiwan Strait, 2009, 28(3):405-409.]
[13] 王丽荣, 陈锐球, 赵焕庭. 琼州海峡岸礁潮间带生物[J]. 台湾海峡,2003,22(3):286-294.
[WANG Lirong, CHEN Ruiqiu,ZHAO Huanting. Organism in intertidal zone of fringing reef at Qiongzhou Straits[J]. Journal of Oceanogrphy in Taiwan Strait, 2003,22(3):286-294.]
[14] 王丽荣, 赵焕庭, 覃朝锋. 雷州半岛灯楼角热带海岸的景观生态分类[J]. 海洋通报,2004,23(1):50-57.
[WANG Lirong, ZHAO Huanting, QIN Chaofeng. Landscape ecological classification of tropical coast of Dengloujiao,Leizhou Peninsula in Guangdong Province[J]. Marine Science Bulletin,2004,23(1):50-57.]
[15] 卢伙胜, 何秀林, 陈春亮,等. 广东徐闻西部沿岸海区"珊瑚类"的物种及其分布[J]. 台湾海峡,2003,22(4):445-448.
[LU Huosheng, HE Xiulin, CHEN Chunliang, et al. Species distribution of corals from western littoral sea area of Xuwen Guangdong[J]. Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait, 2003,22(4):445-448.]
[16] 余克服, 钟晋梁, 赵建新,等. 雷州半岛珊瑚礁生物地貌带与全新世多期相对高海平面[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2002,22(2):27-33.
[YU Kefu, ZHONG Jinliang, ZHAO Jianxin, et al. Biological-geomorphological zones in a reef area at Southwest Leizhou Peninsulaunveil multiple sea level high-stands in the Holocene[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2002, 22(2):27-33.]
[17] 邹仁林,陈映故.珊瑚及其药用[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1989.[ZOU Renlin, CHEN Yinggu. Coral and Medicinal[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1989.]
[18] Schlichter D,Fricke H W,Weber W. Light harvesting by wavelength transformation in symbiotic coral of the Red-Sea twilight zone[J]. Marine Biology, 1986,91:403-408.
[19] 于攀登,邹仁林. 造礁石珊瑚群落结构研究的概况、问题和前景[J]. 生物多样性,1995,3(1):26-30.
[YU Pandeng, ZOU Renlin. General situation,problems and prospects of studies on scleractinian coral community structure[J]. Chinese Biodiversity, 1995,3(1):26-30.]
[20] 李淑, 余克服, 施祺,等. 造礁石珊瑚对低温的耐受能力及相应模式[J]. 应用生态学报,2009,20(9):2289-2295.
[LI Shu, YU Kefu, SHI Qi, et al. Low water temperature tolerance and responding mode of scleractinian corals in Sanya Bay[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2009,20(9):2289-2295.]
[21] 詹文欢, 张乔民, 孙宗勋,等. 雷州半岛西南部珊瑚礁生物地貌研究[J]. 海洋通报,2002,21(5):54-60.
[ZHAN Wenhuan, ZHANG Qiaomin, SUN Zongxun, et al. Study on biogeomorphology of coral reefs in southwestern Leizhou Peninsula[J]. Marine Science Bulletin, 2002,21(5):54-60.]
[22] Mitsuguchi T, Matsumoto E, Abe O, et al. Mg/Ca thermometry in coral skeletons[J]. Science,1996,274:961-963.
[23] Antonioli F, Chemello R, Improta S. Dendropoma lower inter-tidal reef formations and their palaeoclimatological significance, NW Sicily[J]. Marine Geology,1999,161(2-4):155-170.
[24] Yu K F, Zhao J X, Liu T S, et al. High-frequency winter cooling and reef coral mortality during the Holocene climatic optimum[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2004,224(1-2):143-155.
[25] Yu K F, Liu D S, CHEN T G, et al. High-frequency climatic oscillations recorded in a Holocene coral reef at Leizhou Peninsula, South China sea[J]. Science in China:Series D,2002,45(12):1057-1068.
[26] Yu K F, Zhao J X, Dong T. Microatoll record for large century-scale sea-level fluctuations in the mid-Holocene[J]. Quaternary Research,2009,28(1):127-134.
[27] 余克服,陈特固. 南海北部晚全新世高海平面及其波动的海滩沉积证据[J]. 地学前缘,2009,16(6):138-145.
[YU Kefu, CHEN Tegu. Beach sediments from northern South China Sea suggest high and oscillating sea level during the late Holocene[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2009,16(6):138-145.]
[28] 张虎男. 关于修建琼州海峡海底隧道可行性的探讨[J]. 热带地理,1984,4(4):193-204.
[ZHANG Hunan. Study of the feasibility about construct Qiongzhou Channel tennel[J]. Tropical Geography, 1984,4(4):193-204.]
[29] Bellwood D R, Hughes T P,Folke C,et al. Confronting the coral reef crisis[J]. Nature,2004,429:827-833.
[30] Thomas C D, Cameron A, Green R E,et al. Extinction risk from climate change[J]. Nature,2004,427:145-148.
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 1414
- PDF下载数: 3
- 施引文献: 0
下载: