BASIN-CONTROLLING FAULTS AND FORMATION MECHANISM OF THE CENOZOIC BASIN GROUPS IN THE WESTERN SOUTH CHINA SEA
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摘要: 南海西部新生代盆地自北而南有莺歌海、中建南、万安、曾母等多个中小型新生代沉积盆地,这些盆地与早期左行左阶和后期右行右阶的红河断裂、南海西缘大断裂、万安东断裂等控盆断裂带演化密切相关。该构造带总体呈负花状构造,主断层面表现出丝带效应,自北向南,红河断裂倾向西南、南海西缘断裂倾向东、万安东断裂倾向西。该断裂带附近的这些盆地是成因上紧密联系的一组拉分盆地群。盆地内部的NE向断裂是受这些主控断层限制的次级控坳断裂。这些断裂位移有限,因而该盆地群不可能是印支地块700 km位移的挤出构造或深部规则的地幔柱等综合作用的结果,而是断裂带于新生代有限位移背景下的拉分盆地,但通过事件对比,也与印度-澳大利亚板块持续楔入欧亚板块有关,因此,该盆地群主要动力来源还是与南海西侧动力学体系密切相关。总体上,右行右阶断裂带被晚期NWW向断裂左行错切,而这些NWW向断裂与吕宋岛弧一带的NWW向断裂具有连续性和走向一致性,因而,东部菲律宾板块沿岛弧地带楔入欧亚板块的动力学系统可能在晚期波及本区。Abstract: A series of medium and small-scale Cenozoic sedimentary basins are developed in the western South China Sea.They are, from north to south, the Yinggehai, the Zhongjiannan, the Wan'an and the Zengmu basins, respectively.These basins are developed along the Red River Fault Belt, the Western-edge Fault Belt of South China Sea and the Eastern-edge Fault of the Wanan Basin, which occurred as sinistral, left-step faults at the earlier stage, and dextral, right-step faults at the later stage.The fault belt shows a tulip-flower structure.From north to south, the main fault planes shows a ribbon pattern with the Red River Fault dipping southwestward, and the Western-edge Fault Belt and the Eastern-edge Fault The Wanan Basin dipping eastward.The South China Sea is characterized by the east-dipping fault and the Eastern-edge Fault of the Wanan Basin acts as the east-dipping fault, too.These basins developed along the fault belt are a set of pull-apart basin groups and closely related with each other in origin.The NE-trending faults within the basins are secondary faults controlling over depressions. The displacements of these fauts are limited, and thus the basin group should not be the results of the combined effects of the 700 km extrusion tectonics of the Indochina Block or some deep mantle plumes, but Cenozoic pull-apart basins.In addition, the basin group is also related to the sustainable indentation and collision of the Indian-Australian Plate to the Eurasian Plate based on the comparison of tectonic events.Therefore, the main dynamics of the basin group is derived from the dynamic system in the west of the South China Sea.The dextral, right-step fault belt is offset by the late NWW-trending left-step, sinistral faults which are continuous and consistent in strike with the NWW-trending faults in the Luzon Arc.Therefore, the dynamic system of the indentation of the Philippine Sea Plate to the Eurasian Plate along the island arcs may extend to the study area at the later stage.
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