CHARACTERISTICS OF MAJOR GEOCHEMICAL ELEMENTS OF TACHENG LOESS DEPOSITS IN XINJIANG AND ITS PALEOENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS
-
摘要: 选取新疆塔城地区典型黄土剖面进行常量地球化学元素分析,根据常量元素氧化物含量及其相关比值参数对剖面风化淋溶程度及其控制因素进行了初步探讨。结果表明,常量地球化学元素氧化物含量依SiO2、Al2O3、CaO、CO3、Fe2O3、MgO、K2O和Na2O的顺序在地层中逐次降低。相对于上部陆壳(UCC)平均值,塔城剖面各元素平均含量具有一定的差别。以黄土层中平均含量为参考,地球化学元素的相对含量与表土层及埋藏古土壤层也有着显著不同,Ca、Si、Mg元素含量在表土和古土壤中的差异明显。进一步分析显示,塔城剖面基本处于脱Ca、Na的初级风化阶段,总体风化程度较低。表土及古土壤中化学风化程度相对高于黄土层,而埋藏古土壤层的淋溶程度低于黄土层。区域水热组合模式可能对研究剖面的地球化学特征具有重要影响,温湿度状况一定程度上影响地层成壤过程中原生矿物的风化程度,而淋溶作用可能受控于沉积时期的相对湿度状况。Abstract: In this paper, we studied the characteristics of major geochemical elements and weathering intensity of the loess deposits at the Tacheng section, Xinjiang, northwest China. Results show that among the oxides of the major geochemical elements, SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, CO3, Fe2O3, MgO, K2O and Na2O occur in a decreasing order in the loess section. There is obvious differentiation of oxides in the palaeosol and loess layers and the average contents of Al2O3, Fe2O3 and CaO were markedly higher in paleosol layers. CaO, Fe2O3, MgO, and K2O were accumulated and Na2O, SiO2, Al2O3 depleted in the section compared to the upper continental crust (UCC). The oxides have different distribution pattern in loess and paleosols and some of the major geochemical elements exhibit different concentrations in the topsoils and the paleosols. Further analysis shows that the Tacheng section had experienced weak chemical weathering after deposition, which was similar to the Yili loess section but far weaker than the loess deposits in the Chinese Loess Plateau and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The differentiation of weathering degree between the loess and paleosol was also distinct, indicating that the paloesols have experienced stronger weathering process. However, the eluviation of paleosol layers was weaker than that of loess layers probably resulting from the decline of humidity during the period of pedogenesis. The heat-moisture pattern might exert important effect on the chemical weathering of loess/paleosol sequences in the arid area.
-
Key words:
- Major chemical elements /
- Weathering /
- Pedogenesis /
- Xinjiang Loess
-
-
[1] Nesbitt HW,Young GM. Early Proterozoic climates and plate motions inferred from major element chemistry of lutite[J].Nature, 1982, 299(5885):715-717.
[2] 文启忠.中国黄土地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1989:83-122.[WEN Qizhong.The Geochemistry of Loess in China[M].Beijing:Science Press,1989:83
-122.]
[3] Gallet S,Jahn BM,Torri M. Geochemical characterization of loess-paleosol sequence from the Luochuan section, China, and its paleoclimatic implications[J].Geochemical Geology,1996, 133:67-88.]
[4] Gu ZY,Lal D,Liu TS,Guo ZT,et al.Southon J,Ca~ee M W.Weathering histories of Chinese loess deposits based on rranium and thorium series nuchdes and cosmogenic Be[J].Geochem Cosmochim Acta,1997,61(24):5221-5231.
[5] Gallet S. Loess geochemistry and its implications for particle origin and composition of the upper continental crust[J].Earth Planetary Science Letters, 1998,156:157-172.
[6] 李铮华,王玉海.黄土沉积的地球化学记录与古气候演化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1998,18(2):41-47.
[LI Zhenghua,WANG Yuhai.The geochemical record of loess deposit and paleoclimafic evolution[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,1998,18(2):41-47.].
[7] 陈骏,季峻峰,仇纲,等.陕西洛川黄土化学风化程度的地球化学研究[J].中国科学D辑,1997,27(6):531-536.
[CHEN Jun,JI Junfeng,QIU Gang,et al.Geochemical studies on the intensity of chemical weathering in Luoehuan loess-paleosel sequence,China[J].Science in China (D),1998,41(3):235-241.]
[8] 程燕,张小曳,鹿化煜,等.最近140 ka以来黄土元素地球化学演化及其古气候意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23(3):103-108.
[CHENG Yan,ZHANG Xiaoye,LU Huayu,et al.Variations of elemental geochemi stry in Chinese loess duringthelast 140 kaBP and their paleoelimatologieal implications[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2003,23(3):103-108.]
[9] 刘东生,等.中国的黄土堆积[M].北京:科学出版社,1965.[LIU Tunsheng et al.Loess and the Environment[M].Beijing:Science Press,1985.]
[10] 叶玮.新疆西风区黄土沉积特征与古气候[M].北京:海洋出版社,2001:22-33.[YE Wei.The loess Deposition Features and Paleoclimate in Westerly Region of Xinjiang[M].Beijing:Oceanpress.2001:22
-33.]
[11] 余素华,文启忠. 新疆北部地区第四纪沉积地球化学特征[J].地球化学,1991,1:56-63.[Yu Shuhua,WenQizhong.Geochemical characteristics of the Quaternary deposits in Northern Xinjiang,China[J].Geochimica,1991
,1:56-63]
[12] 叶玮, Yabuki Sadaya,Kanayama Shinj.中国西风区黄土常量元素地球化学行为与古环境[J].干旱区地理,2003,26(1):23-29.
[Ye Wei, Yabuki Sadaya,Kanayama Shinj.Geochemical behavior of major element of loess in westerly area of China and paleoclimatic implications[J].Arid Land Geography, 2003,26(1):23-29.]
[13] 李传想,宋友桂. 新疆伊犁黄土化学风化特征及其控制因素[J].高校地质学报,2011,17(4):611-619.
[Li ChuanXiang,Song Yougui. Chemical weathering characteristics and controlling factors of the Ili loess, Xinjiang[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities, 2011,17(4):611-619.]
[14] 李传祥,宋友桂,王乐民.新疆伊犁黄土元素地球化学特征及古环境意义[J].新疆地质,2012,3(1):103-108.
[LI ChuanXiang,SONG Yougui,WANG Lemin.Geochemical Characteristics and Paleoenvironmental significance of the Loess in the Ili Region,Xin jiang[J].Xinjiang Geology, 2012,3(1):103-108.]
[15] 邓少福,杨太保,秦宏毅,等. 新疆塔城黄土古土壤磁化率特征及其影响因素[J].中国沙漠,4,848-854.[DENG Shaofu,YANG Taibao,QIN Hongyi,et al.Magnetic susceptibility and its influencing factors from Loess-paleosol in Tacheng,Xinjiang,China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2011,31
(4):848-854.]
[16] 李冠华,夏敦胜,赵爽,等.新疆塔城地区黄土沉积的磁学特征及其对古环境变化的指示[J].中国沙漠,32(4),1565-1575.[LI Guanhua,XIA Dunsheng,ZHAO Shuang,et al. Magnetic property and paleoclimatic implication of the loess deposits in Tacheng,Northwest China[J]. Journal of Desert Research,2012
,32(6):1565-1575.]
[17] 文启忠, 余素华, 顾雄飞等.黄土中稀土元素的初步探讨[J].地球化学, 1981, (2):151-157.[WEN Qizhong,YU Shuhua,GU Xiongfei,et al.A preliminary investigation of REE in Loess[J]. Geochimica,1981
, (2):151-157.]
[18] 顾兆炎,韩家懋,刘东生.中国第四纪黄土地球化学研究进展[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(1):41-55.
[GU Zhaoyan,HAN Jiamao,LIU Tungsheng.Progress in geochemical research on the loess and other Quaternary deposits in China[J]. Quternary Science, 2000,20(1):41-55.]
[19] 叶玮,靳鹤龄,赵兴有,等.新疆伊犁地区黄土的粒度特征与物质来源[J].干旱区地理,1998,21(12):1-8.
[YE Wei,JIN Heling,ZHAO Xingyou,et al.Depositional features and material sources of loess in Yili region,Xinjiang[J].Arid Land Geography, 1998,21(12):1-8.]
[20] TaylorSR,MclennanSM.The Continental Crust:Its Compositon and Evolution[M]. London:Blackwell, 1985.227.
[21] Nesbitt HW, Markovics G,Price RC.Chemical processes affecting alkalis and alkaline earths during continental weathering[J].Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1980,44:1659-1666.
[22] Nesbitt H W,Young G M.Prediction of some weathering trends of plutonic and volcanic rocks based on thermodynamic and kinetic considerations[J].Geochim. Cosmochim.Acta,1984, 48:1523-1534.
[23] 文启忠,刁桂仪,贾蓉芬,等.末次间冰期以来渭南黄土剖面地球化学指标所反映的古气候变化[J].地球化学,1996,25(6):529-535.
[WEN Qizhong,DIAO Guiyi,JIA Rungfen,el a1.Geochemical indicators and their significance in Paleoelimatic changes in Weinan loess section since the Last Interglacial.Geoehimica,1996,25(6):529-535.]
[24] MacFarlane AW, Danielson A, Holland HD,et al.REE chemistry and Sm-Nd systematics of late Archean weathering profiles in the Fortescue Group, Western Australia[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1994,58(7):1777-1794.
[25] 丁峰,丁仲礼.塔吉克斯坦黄土的化学风化历史及古气候意义[J].中国科学D辑,2003,33(6):505-512.
[DING Feng, DING Zhongli. Chemical weathering history of Southern Tajikistan loess and paleoclimate imp lications[J]. Science in China(SeriesD),2003,33(6):505-512.]
[26] 刘安娜,庞奖励,黄春长.甘肃庄浪全新世黄土一古土壤序列元素分布特征及意义[J].地球化学,2006,35(4):453-458.
[LIU Anna,PANG Jiangli,HUANG Chunchan,et al.Element distributions of the Zhuanglang Holocene loess-paleosol sequence,Gansu Province and its significance. Geochimica, 2006,35(4):453-458.]
[27] 靳建辉,李志忠,陈秀玲,等. 新疆伊犁河谷晚全新世风沙沉积主量元素特征及其气候意义[J].古地理学报,2010,12(6):675-684.
[JIN Jianhui,LI Zhizhong1,CHEN Xiuling,et al. Major elements in aeolian sediments of the LateHolocene in Yili valley and their climatic implications[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2010,12(6):675-684.]
[28] 李徐生,杨达源,鹿化煜.皖南风尘堆积序列氧化物地球化学特征与古气候记录[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1999,19(4):75-82.
[LI Xusheng,YANG Dayuan,LU Huayu.Oxide-geochemistry features and paleoclimatic record of the Aeolian-dust depositional sequence in sothern Anhui[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,1999,19(4):75-82.]
[29] 杨守业,李从先,李徐生,等.长江下游下蜀黄土化学风化的地球化学研究[J].地球化学,2001,30(4):402-406.
[YANG Shouye, LI Congxian, LI Xushen,et al. Geochemical in records of chemical weathering of the Xiashu Loess the lower reaches of the Chanjiang River[J]. Geochimica,2001,30(4):402-406.]
[30] 赵锦慧,王丹,樊宝生,等.延安地区黄土堆积的地球化学特征与最近13万年东亚夏季风气候的波动[J].地球化学,2004,3(5):495-500.
[ZHAO Jinhui,WANG Dan,FAN Baosheng,et al. Geochemical characteristics of the loess deposit at Yan'an and its implication to changes of East Asia summer monsoon during the past 130 ka[J]. Geochimica, 2004,3(5):495-500.]
[31] 李徐生,韩志勇,杨守业,等. 镇江下蜀土剖面的化学风化强度与元素迁移特征[J].地理学报,2007,62(11):1174-1184.
[LI Xusheng,HAN Zhiyong,YANG Shouye,et al. Chemical weathering intensity and element Migration Features of the Xiashu Loess Profile in Zhenjiang[J].Acta Geographica Sinca, 2007,62(11):1174-1184.]
[32] 刁桂仪,文启忠.黄土风化成土过程中主要元素迁移序列[J].地质地球化学,1999,27(1):21-26.
[DIAO Guiy,WEN Qizhong.The migration series of major elements during loess pedogenesis[J].Geology Geochemistry,1999,27(1):21-26.]
[33] Liu CQ.A geochem ical study of loess and desert sand in northern China:Implication for continental crust weathering and composition[J].Chemical Geology,1993,106:359-374.
[34] 高全洲,陶贞,董光荣,等.1998.巴丹吉林沙漠查格勒布鲁剖面的沉积地球化学特征[J].地理学报,53(Supp.l):44-52.[GAO Quanzhou, TAO Zhen, DONG Guang-rong,et al. The Characteristics of sediments geochemistry in Chagelebulu section inthe Badain Jaran Desert. Acta Geographica Sinica,1998
,53(suppl.):44-52.]
[35] 郭正堂,刘东生,吴乃琴,等.最后两个冰期黄土中记录的Heinrich型气候节拍[J].第四纪研究,1996,16(1):2l-30.
[GUO Zhengtang,LIU Tungsheng,WU Naiqin,et al. Heinrich-rhythm pulses of climates recorded in loess of the last two glaciations[J]. Quternary Science, 1996,16(1):2l-30.]
[36] 李新艳,黄春长,庞奖励,等.淮河上游全新世黄土-古土壤序列元素地球化学特性研究[J].土壤学报,2007,44(2):189-196.
[LI Xinyan,HUANG Chunchang,PANG Jiangli,et al.Geochemical characteristics of elements in Holocene loess-paleosol profile in the upper-reaches of the Huaihe river basin[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2007,44(2):189-196.]
[37] 张西营,马海州,谭红兵.青藏高原东北部黄土沉积化学风化程度及古环境[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2004,24(2):43-47.
[ZHANG Xiying,MA Haizhou,TAN Hongbing.Chemical weathering degree and paleoenvironment of loess deposition in the northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China.[J]Marine Geology &Quaternary Geology,2004,24(2):2004,24(2):43-47.]
[38] 李吉均.中国西北地区晚更新世以来环境变迁模式[J].第四纪研究,1990,3:197-204.[LI Jijun.The patterns of environmental changes since late pleistocene in northwestern China[J]. Quternary Science 1990
,3:197-204.]
[39] An CB, Lu YB, Zhao JJ.A high-resolution record of Holocene environmental and climatic changes from Lake Balikun (Xinjiang, China):Implications for central Asia[J].The Holocene,2012,22:43DOI:10. 1177/0959683611405244.
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 1238
- PDF下载数: 6
- 施引文献: 0
下载: