DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT AND WORLD DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE PHOSPHORITES
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摘要: 磷块岩是一种重要的海洋非金属矿产资源，在全世界大洋中，P2O5资源总计约200亿t。其广泛分布在陆棚、大陆坡、海底高地等环境，水深从数百米至几千米，一般形成于氧化-亚氧化环境下，产出于海底表层沉积物中，并且最富和分布最广的磷块岩矿床通常与海洋上升流关系密切。海洋磷块岩可以分为大陆边缘型磷块岩和海山型磷块岩，根据产出位置、构造单元、地貌类型等，将其划分为8个主要的分布区带：太平洋东部陆缘区、太平洋西部陆缘区、太平洋海山与深盆区、大西洋东部陆缘区、大西洋西部陆缘区、大西洋海山与盆岭区、印度洋陆缘区、印度洋海山与深盆区。Abstract: Phosphorite is an important nonmetallic mineral resource in the ocean. The total amount of the P2O5 resource is about 20×109 tons in the ocean. Marine phosphorites are widely distributed on the shelf, continental slope and submarine plateau in an oxidizing or suboxidizing environment at water depth of hundreds to several thousands of meters. The richest phosphorites are usually distributed in the area closing to the oceanic upwelling current. According to their geographic location, tectonic position, and geomorphology, marine phosphorites are divided into 8 distribution zones in the world, including the eastern Pacific continental margin, the western Pacific continental margin, the Pacific seamounts and deep basin, the eastern Atlantic continental margin, the western Atlantic continental margin, the Atlantic seamounts and basin-range landform, the Indian Ocean continental margin and the seamounts and basin-range landform in the Indian Ocean.
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Key words:
- phosphorite /
- resources /
- forming environment
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