3-D GEOLOGICAL MAP COMPILATION BASED ON MAPGIS AND SURFER
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摘要: 传统的地质作图以平面图为主。随着测绘技术的发展及各种制图软件的改进,使得各种信息都能够以空间为基础有机结合起来,三维技术(三维地理信息技术)越来越受到人们的欢迎。三维图具有立体直观,层次丰富的优点,在海洋地质领域也得到广泛的应用。MapGIS绘图软件及Surfer软件是两款地质部门常用的GIS绘图软件,二者各有优缺点。这里将二者的优势有效结合起来,以上海幅实测水下地形数据为例,进行了基于DEM的水下三维地质图的制作方法研究。由于研究区岛屿较多,且周边缺少实测数据,三维图上易出现深坑,导致数据失真并影响图件美观。这里利用MapGIS软件提取岛屿边界线赋零值来补足数据空白,而后合并水深点插值来解决这个问题。最后将MapGIS软件里绘制的地形图和地貌图在Surfer里与三维图进行套叠,实现专题地质三维图的制作。
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关键词:
- 三维地质图 /
- MapGIS Surfer /
- DEM
Abstract: Traditional geological maps are usually made with 2-D technology. With the development of mapping technology and the application of mapping software, numerous kinds of information could be integrated based on spatial locations. The technology as such has become more and more popular. 3-D map is widely used in marine geology because of its better visual representations and abundant levels. MapGIS and Surfer are the two GIS software popular in geological society due to their own advantages. This paper discusses the production of 3-D geological map taking the Shanghai sheet as an example using both the MapGIS and Surfer software based on DEM. There are many islands distributed in study area. There is no survey data around the islands, and the islands become deep holes in the 3-D map, which will certainly cause severe distortion of real topography. In our practice, the island boundary line is assigned to zero using the line elevation extraction in MapGIS. Then using the depth data and the zero data we can make interpolation to build the marine DEM. The topographic map and geomorphological map made with MapGIS could be superimposed to the 3-D map in Surfer to produce a 3-D geoloical map.-
Key words:
- 3-D geology map /
- MapGIS /
- Surfer
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