Evaluation of Mining Advantages of Guangxi Bauxite Reserves Based on Multiple Indicators
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摘要:
这是一篇矿业工程领域的论文。矿产资源开采优势评价对提高矿产资源的经济效益和应对突发情况具有重要意义。本文以广西壮族自治区南宁市、贵港市、来宾市等7个县域作为研究区，基于层次分析法(AHP)构建广西铝土矿储备矿产地开采优势评价体系，设计了交通运输及供电条件、社会经济及资源状况、地形条件、土地条件和矿床开采技术条件及地质特征等5种要素14个评价因子。利用GIS的空间分析与挖掘技术，计算和评价铝土矿储备矿产地的开采优势。评价结果表明，开采优势度范围为0.3922~4.0328，横县校椅矿区三水铝土矿开采优势最高（4.0328），而贵港市三里-大岭三水铝土矿的开采优势度较低（0.3922）。评价结果与实际情况总体吻合效果好，证明了该方法的有效性，可为本省或其他省份评价相同矿种或其他矿种的储备矿产地提供一个有效的定量化评价方法。
Abstract:This is an essay in the field of mining engineering. Evaluation of mineral resources exploitation advantages is of great significance to improving the economic benefits of mineral resources and responding to emergencies. In this essay, taking 7 counties, including Nanning, Guigang and Laibin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,as the research area,constructing the evaluation system of bauxite reserve mining advantages in Guangxi based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), five elements including transportation and power supply conditions, social economy and resource conditions, topographic conditions, land conditions and technical conditions and geological characteristics of mineral deposits and 14 evaluation factors were designed, using the spatial analysis and mining technology of GIS to calculate and evaluate the mining advantages of bauxite reserves. The evaluation results show that the mining advantage is in the range of 0.3922~4.0328, the mining advantage of Sanshui bauxite in Xiaoyi mining area of Hengxian County is the highest (4.0328), while the mining advantage of Sanli-Daling bauxite in Guigang City is the lowest (0.3922).The evaluation results are generally in good agreement with the actual situation, which proves the effectiveness of the method, and can provide an effective quantitative assessment method for evaluating the same mineral or different mineral deposits in this province or other provinces.
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表 1 矿床开采技术条件与地质特征
Table 1. Technical conditions and geological characteristics of deposit mining
储备矿产地名称 矿床规模 水文地质 工程地质 环境地质 开采技术条件类型 适宜开采类型 横县校椅矿区三水铝土矿 大型 简单 简单 中等 中等 露天开采 贵港市大圩三水铝土矿 大型 简单 简单 中等 中等 露天开采 横县石塘矿区三水铝土矿 大型 简单 简单 中等 中等 露天开采 来宾市石牙矿区三水铝土矿 大型 简单 简单 中等 中等 露天开采 横县六相矿区三水铝土矿 大型 简单 简单 中等 中等 露天开采 横县云表-长寨矿区三水铝土矿 大型 简单 简单 中等 中等 露天开采 宾阳县稔竹-王灵矿区三水铝土矿 大型 简单 简单 简单 简单 露天开采 贵港市三里-大岭三水铝土矿 中型 简单 简单 中等 中等 露天开采 
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表 2 储备矿产地开采优势评价体系
Table 2. Evaluation system of mining advantage in reserve mineral fields
目标层 准则层 指标层 储备矿产地开采优势评价体系 交通运输及供电条件(B1) 路网密度 距高速公路的距离 距铁路的距离 供电条件 社会经济及资源储量状况(B2) 人均GDP 矿产资源储量 地形条件(B3) 坡度 高程 土地条件(B4) 土地利用类型 水系 矿床开采技术条件及地质特征(B5) 水文地质条件 工程地质条件 环境地质条件 适宜开采方式
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表 3 一级指标判断矩阵
Table 3. Judgment matrix of primary indicators
指标 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 特征向量 权重 最大特征值 CI值 B1 1 1/3 4 2 1/2 0.83 0.17 5.122 0.031 B2 3 1 6 5 2 2.16 0.43 B3 1/4 1/6 1 1/2 1/3 0.30 0.06 B4 1/2 1/5 2 1 1/4 0.43 0.09 B5 2 1/2 3 4 1 1.28 0.25
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表 4 二级评价指标层权重
Table 4. Weights of secondary evaluation index layers
准则层 B1
(0.17)B2
(0.43)B3
(0.06)B4
(0.09)B5
(0.25)综合权
重∑AiBi路网密度(A1) 0.26 0.039 与高速公路的距离(A2) 0.24 0.037 与铁路的距离(A3) 0.25 0.037 供电条件(A4) 0.25 0.056 人均GDP(A5) 0.15 0.065 矿产资源储量(A6) 0.85 0.365 坡度(A7) 0.75 0.045 高程(A8) 0.25 0.015 土地利用类型(A9) 0.55 0.050 水系(A10) 0.45 0.041 水文地质(A11) 0.26 0.065 工程地质(A12) 0.24 0.060 环境地质(A13) 0.24 0.060 露天开采(A14) 0.26 0.065
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表 5 储备矿产地开采优势评价指标分级
Table 5. Grading of evaluation indicators for mining advantages of reserve mineral fields
分值 路网密度 距离公路距离/km 距离铁路距离/km 人均GDP/元 供电条件 资源储量/万t 坡度/° 9 ≥4.14 ≤0.5 ≤5 满足 ＞5382 ≤5 8 [1.35,4.14) (0.5,1] (5,10] ＞44635 (3586,5382] (5,10] 7 (10,20] (39537,44635] 较满足 (2732,3586] 6 [0.87,1.35) (1,3] (10,20] 5 [0.48,0.87) (20,35] (37734,39537] 基本满足 (2384,2732] 4 (3,10] (35632,37734] (20,30] 3 ＜0.48 ＞10 ＞35 ≤2384 2 ≤35632 不满足 ＞30 分值 高程/m 土地利用 距离水系距离/km 水文地质条件 工程地质条件 环境地质条件 适宜开采方式 9 裸地 简单 简单 简单 8 ≤200 草地 灌木 ≤1 露天开采 7 (1,3] 中等 中等 中等 6 (200,400] 耕地 5 (400,700] (3,5] 中等偏复杂 中等偏复杂 中等偏复杂 4 (700,1000] (5,10] 地下开采 3 ＞1000 林地 复杂 复杂 复杂 2 建筑 水体 ＞10
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表 6 储备矿产地开采优势评价结果
Table 6. Evaluation results of mining advantages of reserve ore producing area
储备矿产地名称 H C D R 排序 横县校椅矿区三水铝土矿 4.73949 17.0179 0.05 4.0328 1 贵港市大圩三水铝土矿 4.61867 7.7648 0.1 3.5863 2 横县石塘矿区三水铝土矿 3.86442 7.7965 0.1 3.0129 3 来宾市石牙矿区三水铝土矿 4.64352 11.3489 0.05 2.6349 4 横县六相矿区三水铝土矿 4.63778 10.3091 0.03 1.4343 5 横县云表-长寨矿区三水铝土矿 4.8111 6.1623 0.02 0.5929 6 宾阳县稔竹-王灵矿区三水铝土矿 4.78107 9.2871 0.01 0.4440 7 贵港市三里-大岭三水铝土矿 4.70603 2.7777 0.03 0.3922 8
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