Age and Petrogenesis of the Shuiyuan Granite, Southern Zhuguang Mountain, Northern Guangdong Province
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摘要: 粤北水源岩体位于诸广山复式岩体南部，岩性以细粒含斑黑云母二长花岗岩为主，细粒含斑二云母二长花岗岩和细粒二云母二长花岗岩少量分布。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测试结果显示，水源岩体中不同岩性岩石具有一致的成岩年龄（240.6±1.6 Ma、240.2±1.7 Ma和240.0±2.9 Ma），属中三叠世岩浆活动的产物。水源岩体元素地球化学及Sr-Nd-Hf 同位素分析结果表明：（1）岩石具有高硅（SiO2=68.14% ~ 70.22%），富碱（ALK=6.59% ~ 7.50%），高钾（K2O/Na2O＞1），贫铁、镁、钙、钛、磷，铝饱和指数大于1.1（A/CNK=1.56 ~ 1.90），里特曼指数小于3.3（δ=1.73 ~ 2.14）的特征，常含白云母等富铝矿物，属高钾钙碱性系列强过铝质花岗岩；（2）稀土总量较高，属轻稀土富集型（LREE/HREE=13.41 ~ 19.90），中等负铕异常（δEu=0.43 ~ 0.45）；（3）富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K、Pb，而亏损Ba、Sr，贫Nb、Ta、Ti、Zr等高场强元素；（4）具较低的εNd (t)值（-10.8 ~ -11.3）和锆石εHf (t)值（-12.5 ~ -9.4），二阶段Nd模式年龄和Hf模式年龄分别为1.86 ~ 2.02 Ga和1.86 ~ 2.06 Ga。主、微量元素和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成指示水源岩体源区物质来自古元古代成熟度较高的陆壳组分（以变泥质岩为主，含少量变杂砂岩），明显区别于I型、A型花岗岩特征，属于S型花岗岩。结合成岩温压条件及区域地质构造演化分析，本文认为水源岩体是由处于碰撞加厚向伸展减薄构造转换阶段的古老地壳组分经过升温、减压等机制部分熔融形成。Abstract: The shuiyuan pluton is located at the southern Zhuguang Mountain. It is mainly composed of fine-grained little-porphyraceous biotite monzogranite, while fine-grained little-porphyraceous two-mica monzogranite and fine-grained two-mica monzogranite are distributed in a small amount. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon analysis yields 206Pb/238U weighted mean age of (240.6±1.6) Ma，(240.2±1.7) Ma and (240.0±2.9) Ma for the above three rocks, which indicates the shuiyuan pluton formed at the Middle Triassic for magma movement. Geohemical and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic analyses show that the granites have high SiO2 (between 68.14% and 70.22%), rich alkali (between 6.59% and 7.50%), high potassium (the value of K2O/Na2O above 1) and low FeO, MgO, CaO, TiO2 and P2O5. Aluminum saturation indexes are greater than 1.1 (the value of ACNK ranging from 1.56 to 1.90) and the Littman indexes are less than 3.3（the value of δ ranging from 1.73 to 2.14）. The granites often contain aluminum-rich minerals such as muscovite，which indicates they belong to strong peraluminous granite of high potassium calc alkaline series. The granites are characterized by high total rare earth content, light rare earth enrichment (the value of LREE/HREE ranging from 13.41 to 19.90), and medium negative europium anomaly（δEu ranging from 0.43 to 0.45）.They are enriched in LILEs（Rb, Th, U, K and Pb）, but depleted in Ba and Sr, and lack in HFSEs（Nb, Ta, Ti and Zr）.The granites have the lower value of εNd (t) (between -10.8 and -11.3) and εHf (t) (ranging from -12.5 to -9.4). The second stage model age of Nd and Hf are respectively 1.86-2.02 Ga and 1.86-2.06 Ga. The results of main trace elements and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic composition analysis indicate that the source material of the shuiyuan pluton generates from the components of the continental crust with high Paleoproterozoic maturity (mainly meta argillaceous rocks with little greywacke), which is obviously different from the characteristics of I-type and A-type granites and belongs to S-type granite. Combined with the analysis of diagenetic temperature and pressure conditions and the background of regional geological tectonic evolution, this paper believes that the shuiyuan pluton is formed by partial melting of the ancient crustal components in the tectonic transition stage from collision thickening to extension thinning through heating and decompression.
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