Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implication of the Early Paleozoic Highly Fractionated Granites in the Xinlin Region, the Northern Great Xing’an Range, NE China
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摘要: 大兴安岭北段的早古生代岩浆活动主要集中分布于新林－喜桂图缝合带东北缘漠河、塔河等地，而该时期缝合带西南缘的岩浆活动报道甚少，研究相对薄弱。本文以新林地区构造混杂岩带中的花岗岩脉为研究对象，开展了系统的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学和Hf 同位素分析，以探讨岩石成因和构造意义。岩脉岩性以正长花岗岩为主，二长花岗岩次之。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 定年结果表明，正长花岗岩的成岩年龄为502±2 Ma，属于早古生代岩浆活动的产物。地球化学分析显示，岩石具高硅（SiO2含量为74.25%~75.60%）、富碱（碱含量介于7.30%~8.22%之间），贫铁、镁、钙、钛、磷，高钾钙碱性，过铝质，中等负Eu异常的特征；富集Rb、K、Th 等大离子亲石元素，亏损Ba、Sr，贫Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、Ti 等高场强元素，10000×Ga/Al 值和Zr+Nb+Ce+Y值均低于A型花岗岩的下限值，锆石饱和温度（696~718℃）较低，P2O5与SiO2呈负相关性，Rb/Sr、Rb/Ba 和K/Rb等比值均较低，指示其为高分异I 型花岗岩。岩浆锆石的εHf (t)值变化于范围较大，为-12.9 ~ +2.9，表明其源区可能为不均一的地壳源区，且以中―新元古代新生地壳为主。岩浆锆石两阶段模式年龄反映额尔古纳地块在古元古代和中―新元古代期间曾发生两次重要的地壳增生事件。结合区域地质背景，本文认为该岩脉形成于后造山构造环境，其成因可能与额尔古纳地块和兴安地块碰撞结束后加厚的岩石圈构造伸展垮塌过程中幔源岩浆底侵引起地壳部分熔融有关。Abstract: The early Paleozoic magmatic activity in the Northern Great Xing’an Range is mainly distributed in Mohe, Tahe, and other places on the northeast edge of the suture zone from Xinlin to Xigui area, during which there are few reports of magmatic activity in the southwestern margin of the suture zone and relatively less relevant research. The granite veins in the tectonic melange belt of Xinlin area are the research object, and systematic petrological, zircon U-Pb chronology, geochemistry, Hf isotope, and genetic studies have been conducted to illustrate the petrogenesis and tectonic implication. The lithology of the dike is mainly syenite granite, with a small amount of monzogranite distributed. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon analysis yields 206Pb/238U weighted mean age of 502±2 Ma for the syenite granites, which indicates they formed at the early Paleozoic. Geochemical analysis shows that the granites have high SiO2 (between 74.25% and 75.60%), rich alkali (between 7.30% and 8.22%) and low TFeO, MgO, CaO, TiO2, P2O5. They are characterized by high potassium calcium alkaline, peraluminous, and moderate negative europium anomalies. The rocks enriched in LILEs (Rb, K and Th), but depleted in Ba and Sr, and also depleted in HFSEs (Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, and Ti). Both the 10000Ga/Al value and the Zr+Nb+Ce+Y value are lower than the lower limit of A-type granite, and the zircon saturation temperature is relatively low (between 696℃ and 718℃). The P2O5 and SiO2 of the rocks are negatively correlated, with lower Rb/Sr, Rb/Ba, and K/Rb ratios, indicating that they belong to highly fractionated I-type granites. The εHf (t) value of magmatic zircons varies from -12.9 to +2.9, indicating the involvement of inhomogeneous crust derived in the diagenetic process and mainly from Meso-Neoproterozoic period. The two-stage Hf model ages range from 1.28 to 2.28 Ga, reflecting two important crustal accretion events in the Erguna block during the Paleoproterozoic and Meso-Neoproterozoic periods. Based on the regional geological background, this paper believes that the dike was formed in a post orogenic tectonic environment, and its genesis may be related to the partial melting of the crust caused by the underplating of mantle derived magma during the tectonic extension and collapse of the thickened lithosphere after the collision between the Erguna and Xing'an blocks.
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Key words:
- highly fractionated I-type granites /
- zircon U-Pb chronology /
- geochemistry /
- Hf isotopes /
- petrogenesis
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