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摘要:
滑坡是造成长输埋地油气管道破坏的主要地质灾害之一。本文以浅层土质、横向滑坡为主要研究对象，开展大尺寸小管径足尺模型试验，通过模型箱加载装置控制斜坡坡度和位移，对油气管道横穿滑坡时管道的受力响应规律和变形破坏特征进行研究。研究结果表明：当斜坡坡度大于20°时，管道应变增幅变大；管道跨中发生局部屈曲，整体呈梁式对称弯曲破坏形式，试验极限压应变值与DNV（挪威船级社）规范和国内规范计算值基本一致；管道处于弹性和弹塑性阶段时，管道轴向应变的试验值与数值模拟（PSI模型和实体单元模型）结果基本一致，管道屈曲破坏时试验值显著大于数值模拟结果。本研究对于山区油气管道敷设和滑坡防治具有重要的指导意义。
Abstract:Landslides are one of the main geological hazards that cause damage to long-distance buried oil and gas pipelines. This article focuses on shallow soil and lateral landslides, conducts full-scale model tests with large and small pipe diameters. The force response law and deformation failure characteristics of oil and gas pipelines crossing landslides were studied by controlling the slope gradient and displacement through a model box loading device. The results indicate that when the slope gradient is greater than 20°, the strain amplification of the pipeline increases significantly. The pipeline undergoes local buckling at the mid-span position, presenting a symmetrical beam-like bending failure mode as a whole. The ultimate compressive strain value obtained from the experiment is basically consistent with the calculation results of DNV (DET NORSKE VERITAS) regulations and relevant domestic regulations. When the pipeline is in the stage of elastic and elastoplastic deformation, the axial strain measured in the experiment is in good agreement with the results of numerical simulation (PSI model and solid unit model), but when the pipeline buckles and fails, the experimental value is significantly greater than the numerical simulation result. This study provides an important reference for the laying of oil and gas pipelines and landslide prevention in mountainous areas.
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Key words:
- pipelines /
- landslides /
- model tests /
- axial strain
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表 1 岩土体力学参数
Table 1. Geotechnical physical parameters
岩土体类型 重度（kN/m3） 弹性模量（MPa） 泊松比 粘聚力（kPa） 内摩擦角（°） 碎石土 19.5 27.5 0.3 15 35 
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表 2 管道力学参数
Table 2. Pipe mechanical parameter
管径（mm） 壁厚（mm） 密度（kg/m3） 弹性模量（GPa） 泊松比 屈服强度MPa） 50 1.2 7850 210 0.3 235
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