摘要:
我国南方离子吸附型稀土矿勘查中一般采用传统的地质块段法估算资源储量,存在着探矿工程量大、投入高、效率低的缺点.而稀土资源包含17种不同的稀土元素,不同元素精矿的市场价格差别又很大,现有的基于稀土氧化物总量的工业指标难以快速对接实际矿山生产,造成表外矿实际在产、而表内矿不经济可采甚至可能无法利用的反常现象.本文基于离子吸附型稀土矿床的特点,借鉴土壤化探样品处理的克里格法,建立了离子吸附型稀土矿资源储量估算的三维模型及其相应评价方法,简称RiRee.该模型和方法不但可以对风化壳中的"样品点"进行体积和品位的估算,而且与市场价格直接关联、可根据每天市场价格的动态变化确定边界品位和工业品位,进行实现矿体的实时圈定、资源储量的日常更新与矿山经济效益的动态评价.运用该模型,作者在赣南、滇西、浙江等地不同离子吸附型稀土矿区开展了典型研究和试点示范,取得了初步成效.结果显示,利用克立格法计算的矿体体积与传统手工圈定的块段法相比较,前者计算的结果是合理的,且具有快速、准确、方便的特点.利用自主开发的以克里格法为基础的数字矿山经济评价系统(主要是其中的价格-边界品位敏感性分析模块),动态设置边界品位,灵活圈定不同稀土单元素价格下经济可采的矿体边界,一旦稀土精矿的市场价格发生变化,即可通过软件系统快速修正盈亏平衡点,并随时变更边界品位,动态确定经济可采的矿体的空间范围,为合理布置采矿工程提供科学依据,有助于促进离子吸附型稀土矿产资源(尤其是重稀土)的合理、高效的开发利用.
Abstract:
During the exploration of rare earth deposits in southern China, the traditional method of geological block is used to estimate the reserves, which, however, has shortcomings of high prospecting work load, expensiveness and low efficiency. The rare earth resources contain 17 different rare earth elements, different element market prices show remarkable differences, and the existing rare earth oxides based on the total industrial indicators can hardly be quickly applied in the mine, resulting in the fact the ore lower than usable reserves may actually in production, and the ore higher than usable reserves can not be economically used. Based on the characteristics of ion - adsorbed rare earth deposits and the Kriging method for soil geochemical exploration, a three - dimensional model for estimating the reserves of ion - adsorbed rare earth deposits and its corresponding evaluation methods are developed, called RiRee. The model and method not only can estimate the volume and grade of the "sample point" in the weathering shell, but also are directly related to the market price, and can also determine the boundary grade and the industrial grade according to the dynamic change of the daily market price. A daily updated resource reserve benefits the mine economy. Using this model, the authors carried out demonstration in different ion adsorption rare earth mines in southern Jiangxi, western Yunnan and Zhejiang provinces, and achieved good results. The results show that the volume calculated by Kriging method is comparable with that calculated by the traditional manual method, and the result of calculation is reasonable and has the characteristics of rapidness accuracy and convenience. On the basis of the self-developed digital mine economic evaluation system based on the Kriging method (mainly the price-boundary grade sensitivity analysis module), the boundary grade is dynamically set, and the boundary of economically exploitable orebodies varies with different single element prices. When the market price of rare earth concentrate changes, we can quickly correct the break-even point through the software system, and change the border grade at any time, thus dynamically determining the spatial range of economically recoverable orebody for the rational arrangement of mining engineering. The results obtained by the authors provide a scientific basis for the reasonable and efficient development and utilization of the ion adsorption type rare earth mineral resources (especially heavy rare earth).
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