摘要:
依据2006—2016年间采集的区内475件地下水无机分析数据以及钻探岩心易溶盐测试数据, 详细研究了微山湖流域高氟地下水的分布特征和富集机制.结果表明: 微山湖流域高氟地下水的分布有明显的东西分区特征, 湖西冲积、湖积平原区有大范围的高氟地下水, 在深度0—40 m 的浅层孔隙地下水中, 氟含量以1~2 mg/L 为主, 仅现代黄河影响带地下水氟含量小于1 mg/L, 金乡、单县、嘉祥局部超过3 mg/L, 最大值9.5 mg/L; 在深度150—400 m的深层孔隙地下水中, 氟含量以1~1.5 mg/L为主, 菏泽—单县条带氟含量超过2 mg/L, 最大值3.5 mg/L.微山湖东冲积、洪积平原浅层孔隙地下水、深层岩溶地下水氟含量均小于1 mg/L.湖西冲积、湖积平原沉积物中可溶性氟含量随深度增加而降低.微山湖流域湖西高氟地下水形成受物质来源、淋滤和蒸发浓缩等三方面因素共同控制, CaF2的溶解平衡是控制地下水F–含量的重要因素.
Abstract:
Based on the analysis of 475 groundwater inorganic data collected from 2006 to 2016 and the data of soluble salts in sediments, the authors studied in detail the distribution characteristics and enrichment mechanism of high fluoride groundwater in Weishan Lake watershed. The results show that the distribution of high fluoride groundwater in Weishan Lake watershed is obviously characterized by east and west partitioning, and there is a wide range of high fluoride groundwater in the west alluvial and lacustrine plain. In the west alluvial and lacustrine plain, the fluoride concentration in shallow groundwater at the depth of 0–40 m is mainly 1~2 mg/L, only under the impact of the modern Yellow River the fluoride concentration is lower than 1 mg/L, and in the areas of Jinxiang, Shanxian, Jiaxiang, the fluoride concentration is higher than 3 mg/L, with the maximum being 9.5 mg/L; in deep confined groundwater at the depth of 150–400 m, the fluoride concentration is mainly 1~1.5 mg/L, the fluoride whose concentration is higher than 2 mg/L is distributed in the area of Heze–Shanxian stripe, with the maximum concentration being 3.5 mg/L. In the east alluvial and flood plain, the fluoride concentration is lower than 1 mg/L both in the shallow groundwater and deep confined groundwater. The concentration of soluble fluorine in the sediments of the west alluvial and lacustrine plain decreases with the increasing depth. The formation of high fluoride groundwater in the west Weishan Lake watershed is controlled by three factors, i.e., material source, leaching and evaporation concentration. The dissolution equilibrium of calcium fluoride is an important controlling factor responsible for the fluoride content in groundwater.
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