Seismic Signal Characteristics of a New Source Based on Methane Gaseous Detonation in the Tibetan Plateau
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摘要: 利用人工震源(又称主动震源)激发地震波是区域地下结构探测的主要方式之一。绿色环保和安全理念日渐盛行下, 寻找适用于生态脆弱和自然环境恶劣的青藏高原的人工震源需求迫切。本文介绍了新型甲烷气爆震源在高海拔低气压的青藏高原内部进行实验的相关过程及其效果。利用聚类分析、线性叠加、相位加权叠加等信号处理方法, 并与同期共线的炸药震源信号进行对比分析。结果显示:甲烷气爆震源(WB-76-1700, WB-70-2000及WB-60-500型震源当量分别为1.72 kg、1.72 kg和0.25 kg炸药)激发的地震波频率较高(频带范围1–50 Hz, 主频为5–30 Hz), 传播距离可达6.5 km; 同期炸药震源(48 kg)激发的地震波信号频率低于甲烷震源(主频低于20 Hz); 甲烷震源信号波形与实验所用甲烷震源型号无关, 与台站到震源的距离有关, 并推测可能与随机爆轰激发过程也相关; 甲烷震源适合于浅层速度结构探测, 特别是适合在波传播路径更加复杂的金属矿集区环境条件, 且施工效率更高。总之, 通过本次在青藏高原实验并与同期共线的炸药震源对比, 甲烷震源是一种有效的新型绿色环保型人工震源。鉴于此次实验甲烷气爆当量较小, 较炸药震源激发的地震波传输距离近。未来继续拓展实验, 进一步提高甲烷气爆震源当量并获得较大炮检偏移距的高信噪比地震波信号。Abstract: Artificial seismic source, which is also known as active source and is used to excite seismic wave, is an important way to detect underground structures.With the increasing popularity of the environmental protection and safety, it is urgent to find the new artificial source which is suitable for the fragile ecology and harsh natural environment of the Tibetan Plateau.This paper introduces the data processing and preliminary result of the experiment with a Methane Gaseous Source (MGS) under the special environment of high altitude and low pressure in the Tibetan Plateau, which includes such methos as cluster analysis, linear stacking, and phase weighted stacking, in comparison with the signals from traditional dynamite sources (TDS) during the same period in the same area.The results show the following phenomena:(1) The frequency range of the seismic wave excited by MGS is much higher (the frequency band range is 1–50 Hz, the dominant frequency is 5–30 Hz) than that by TDS.The power from MGS of WB-76-1700, WB-70-2000 and WB-60-500 type are equivalent to 1.72 kg, 1.72 kg and 0.25 kg TDS respectively.The wave propagation distance is up to 6.5 km.The frequency range of seismic wave excited by TDS of 48 kg is lower than that by MGS within the dominant seismic frequencies band of lower than 20 Hz; (2) the signal waveform of MGS is irrelevant to the device type of MGS, but depends on the epicenter distance and random detonation process; (3) it is much more suitable for shallow exploration and is especially effective in polymetallic ore concentration area with more complex wave propagation path.The efficiency in field work of MGS is higher than that of TDS.In brief, MGS is a new effective green and environmental artificial source.It is due to the small equivalent of MGS in this experiment that the travel distance of seismic waves excited by source is shorter than TDS of 48 kg.In the future experiment, higher signal-to-noise ratio seismic signal with larger distance would be recorded by enhancement of the equivalent of MGS.
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Key words:
- methane detonation source /
- Tibetan Plateau /
- green and environmental
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