Geological Characteristics of Kimberlites in Wafangdian Diamond Orefield, Liaoning Province
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摘要: 辽宁瓦房店金刚石矿田位于华北陆块辽东新元古代—古生代坳陷带。矿田内金刚石矿均为金伯利岩型, 目前已发现100多个金伯利岩体, 提交了4个大型原生金刚石矿床和3个近源小型金刚石砂矿床, 资源量占全国的一半以上。矿田内金伯利岩体成群、成带分布, 有岩管也有岩脉, 大小不等、形态各异。由于金伯利岩既是金刚石矿的载体, 也是研究地球深部信息的重要对象, 在金刚石矿勘查过程中对岩体地质特征进行了研究。本文认为, 矿田内不同区域金伯利岩体受围岩成分混染的程度不同, 西南部的岩群区金伯利岩体更适合用于研究深部信息; 本区影响岩体形态的主要因素是断裂构造, 其提供了岩浆上侵通道和就位空间, 成岩后的逆冲推覆构造改造了岩体的形态。同时认为, 区内控制金伯利岩浆上侵的深大断裂为古郯庐断裂。Abstract: The Wafangdian diamond ore field in Liaoning is located in the Neoproterozoic-Paleozoic depression zone of Liaodong in the North China Block.The diamond mines in the ore field are all kimberlitic-type.To date, more than 100 kimberlites have been discovered, among which there are four large primary diamond deposits and three near-source small diamond sand deposits.The deposits account for more than half of China’s diamond resources.The kimberlites in the ore field are distributed in swarms and belts, with rock pipes and rock veins that vary in size and shape.Kimberlite is not only the carrier of diamonds, but also important for studying the deep Earth.In this study, the characteristics of kimberlitic intrusions were studied during the exploration of diamond mines.It is believed that the kimberlites in different areas of the ore field were contaminated by the surrounding rock composition to different degrees.The kimberlites in the southwestern swarms are more suitable for studying the deep earth.The main factors affecting the shape of the pipes or veins in this area is the fault structure, which provided in-situ magma intrusion channels, and the thrust nappe structure after diagenesis.It is also believed that the large and deep fault that controls the kimberlitic intrusion in the area is the old Tanlu fault.
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