Pinus tabuliformis Forests in Semi-arid Areas Significantly Enhance Carbonate Rock Dissolution
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摘要: 植被覆盖通过促进碳酸盐岩风化吸收大气 CO2, 在实现碳中和中具有重要作用, 但不同植被类型的影响强度仍不清楚。为揭示半干旱区植被类型对碳酸盐岩风化的影响规律, 以一个典型岩溶小流域为研究区, 通过系统的植被调查和野外溶蚀试片试验, 详细对比了不同植物群系的碳酸盐岩溶蚀率及其影响因素, 并探讨了不同分类层次植被的溶蚀率的差异。结果表明, 半干旱岩溶区碳酸盐岩溶蚀率在植被型组层次为森林> 草地> 灌丛, 在演替的早期减弱、后期促进溶蚀; 群系层次的对比发现油松(Pinus tabuliformis)林内碳酸盐岩溶蚀率最高, 是其它群系的5倍至近30倍; 不同群系对溶蚀率的影响强度的大小得以明确; 溶蚀率与土壤CO2浓度(pCO2)、土壤温度和土壤含水量任何单一因素无相关性, 而与三者匹配性有较好的对应关系, 与湿润区明显不同; 植被演替通过增强对溶蚀环境因子匹配性的调控能力, 促进碳酸盐岩的溶蚀。半干旱区油松林显著促进碳酸盐岩溶蚀, 进行群系层次的广泛对比研究可以更好揭示植被类型与碳酸盐岩溶蚀之间的关系, 为提高岩溶生态系统恢复的碳汇量提供有效指导。Abstract: Vegetation increases atmospheric CO2 sequestration by enhancing carbonate rock weathering and plays an important role in carbon neutralization. However, the effects of different vegetation types on carbonate weathering are unclear. To determine these effects, the dissolution rates and their influencing factors in different vegetation alliances were compared in detail using in situ rock tablets tests coupled with systematic vegetation surveys in a typical small karst watershed in a semi-arid area. The results showed that the average dissolution rate of carbonate rocks was in the order of forest > grassland > shrubland at the Vegetation Formation Group level, showing a weakening effect in the early stage of succession and a promoting effect in the later stage. At a finer vegetation classification level, the dissolution rate of the Pinus tabuliformis Forest Alliance was much higher than that of other alliances, which was five times to approximately thirty times that of other alliances, and the effect intensity of different alliances on dissolution rate could be identified and sorted. The dissolution rate had no correlation with any single factor in soil CO2 concentration (pCO2), soil water content, and soil temperature but had a corresponding relationship with the synchronization of the three factors, which differed notably from that in humid areas. Vegetation succession enabled more effective regulation of key dissolution factor matching, resulting in higher weathering rate. Pinus tabuliformis forest in semi-arid areas could significantly enhance carbonate weathering. Extensive comparative research at the Alliance level is strongly suggested to illuminate the relationship between vegetation types and carbonate weathering and provide effective guidance for increasing carbon sinks in karst ecosystem restoration.
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Key words:
- carbonate weathering /
- vegetation type /
- dissolution rate /
- carbon sink /
- semi-arid karst area
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