摘要:
以2000年、2008年和2013年获取的TM和ETM遥感图像、地理国情普查数据、水利普查数据和多年统计数据为主要数据源,采用遥感和GIS技术,结合实地调查,对黑河流域甘肃段湿地资源的类型、面积、组成和分布等情况进行了系统研究.结果表明: 研究区湿地面积整体呈减少趋势,且2008年前减速较快,2008年后减速明显变缓.湿地资源变化是自然因素和人类活动共同作用的结果.其中,影响该区湿地资源变化的主要自然因素有降水量、气温、上游来水量、下泄量和冻土等;人类因素作为一种外在力量在湿地资源变化中的作用越来越明显,人口数量的变化与人们对土地改造与利用的强度是逐渐改变湿地景观最活跃、最直接的影响因素;政府决策与湿地保护恢复工程则对湿地资源保护起了推动作用.
Abstract:
In this study, the authors used the data of TM and ETM remote sensing images, geographical condition census data and water conservation census data obtained in 2000, 2008 and 2013 and multi-year statistic data as the main data sources.Using remote sensing and GIS technology, combined with the field survey, the authors systematically studied the types, sizes, composition and distribution of wetland resources in Gansu section of Heihe River Basin.The results show that the area of wetland in the study area is decreasing, slowdown was faster before 2008, and slowdown is significantly slower since 2008.The change of wetland resources results from natural factors and human activities.Among them, the impact of the main factors on the changes of wetland resources in the area is precipitation, temperature, upstream water, discharge and permafrost.Human factors are becoming more and more obvious in the change of wetland resources as an external force.The change of population quantity and the intensity of the land reform and utilization are the most active and direct factors influencing the wetland landscape.Government decision making and the restoration project of wetland protection have played a role in promoting the evolution of wetland resources.
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