摘要:
遥感技术的发展为生态环境的动态变化监测提供了有力的支撑.闪电河流域是京津冀地区重要的生态屏障,随着全球气候变化和人类活动的加剧,闪电河流域的生态环境变化得到了人们广泛的关注.为明确闪电河流域长时间序列的时空变化,本文利用1985—2015年近30 a间的遥感数据,对闪电河上游地区的生态环境现状及其关键因子水域、林地和草地的长时间序列变化进行了研究.结果表明,研究区2015年林地、草地、未利用地、水域和耕地面积分别为413.75 km2,276.90 km2,1779.94 km2,17.29 km2和1583.71 km2,分别占研究区总面积的10.16%,6.80%,43.72%,0.42%和38.90%;在1985—2015年间,林地面积整体呈下降趋势,2015年总面积较1985年下降41.585 km2,下降速率为1.395 km2·a-1;草地面积总体也呈下降趋势,2015年草地总面积较1985年下降58.69%,下降速率为9.47 km2·a-1;水域面积基本保持不变.
关键词:
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闪电河
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生态环境
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时空变化
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遥感
Abstract:
The development of remote sensing technology provides strong support for monitoring the dynamic changes of the ecological environment. Shandian River is the ecological barrier of Beijing, Tianjing and Hebei Province. The eco-environment of Shandian River has aroused more and more attention among people, with the global climate change and human activities. In this paper, the authors used the remote sensing images obtained from 1985 to 2015 to study the changes of eco-environment of the upstream of Shandian River. Some conclusions have been reached:in 2015, the area of forest, grassland, unused land, water and cultivated land in study area was 413. 75 km2 , 276. 90 km2 , 1779. 94 km2 , 17. 29 km2 , and 1583. 71 km2 respectively, with the percentage being 10. 16%,6. 80%,43. 72%,0. 42% and 38. 90% respectively. From 1985 to 2015, the forest area exhibited a downward trend, with the declining rate being 1. 395 km2 · a-1 . The grass land was declined too, with the declining rate between 9. 47 km2 ·a-1 . The water remains unchanged in the past 30 years.
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