摘要:
利用1998年、2005年、2010年TM影像和2015年土地变更调查遥感数据作为数据源,通过目视解译结合GIS技术,提取玛纳斯河流域湿地界线,同时分析了气候和人为因素对研究区湿地动态变化的响应关系.结果表明:①1998—2015年,玛纳斯河流域湿地退化较为严重,突出表现在湖泊湿地和沼泽湿地的退化,特别是2010—2015年,湿地面积大幅度萎缩;②2010—2015年,沼泽湿地和湖泊湿地年变化率最大,数值分别为-12.90%和-14.30%;③通过研究气候和人类活动与湿地变化的响应关系,发现人为因素已成为湿地变化的最主要因素.
Abstract:
Using TM data of 1998, 2005, 2010 and land change survey remote sensing data, in combination with the visual interpretation and GIS technology, the authors extracted boundaries of the Manas River basin wetlands, and analyzed the influence produced by climate and anthropogenic factors on dynamic changing of wetland. The results show three different relationships. Firstly, the degradation of Manas River basin wetland was more serious from 1998 to 2015, especially lake wetlands and marsh wetlands. Meanwhile, wetland had shrunk dramatically from 2010 to 2015. Secondly, the period of 2010—2015 had the highest annual changing rate of lake wetlands and marsh wetlands, reaching respectively -12. 90% and -14. 30%. Thirdly, human activities have become the most important factor for wetland change. The study of the relationship between human activities and climate change as well as wetlands response reveals that the human factor has become the more important factor than climate for wetland change.
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