Coupling and coordination relationships between urbanization and ecological environment along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal
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摘要: 以京杭大运河沿线地区城市为研究对象,运用夜间灯光数据和Landsat数据分别建立表征城市化水平的夜间灯光指数和表征生态环境质量的遥感生态指数,研究京杭大运河沿线地区城市1992—2018年的城市化及生态环境变迁; 运用耦合协调度模型及其分类原则判定两者协同发展格局,为京杭大运河沿线地区城市与生态环境协调发展提供科学依据和决策支持。结果表明: ①京杭大运河沿线地区城市发展水平具有空间不平衡性,呈现出南北高,中部低的空间格局,1992—2018年京杭大运河沿线地区高城市化水平的城市逐年增多,1992—2002年为城市化缓慢发展阶段,2002—2013年为城市化进程加速阶段,2013—2018年为城市化稳步提升阶段; ②1992—2018年京杭大运河沿线地区遥感生态指数均大于0.4,表明京杭大运河沿线地区生态环境均较好,1992—2002年京杭大运河沿线地区生态环境状况相对稳定,2002—2007年生态环境质量提升,2007—2018年生态环境质量有所下降; ③1992—2018年京杭大运河沿线地区城市化与生态环境系统耦合协调度先上升后下降,协同发展类型整体上逐渐由城市化滞后演变为生态环境滞后,生态环境质量需要进一步提高。大运河沿线地区在发展经济的同时,也应加大对生态环境的保护。Abstract: This paper aims to study the coupling and coordination relationships between the urbanization and ecological environment in the areas along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal from 1992 to 2018. To this end, it builds the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) based on Landsat data to characterize the quality of the ecological environment and establishes the compounded night light index (CNLI) based on DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS nighttime light (NTL) data to characterize the urbanization level. Meanwhile, it determines the coordinated development pattern between the urbanization and ecological environment in the area by applying a coupling and coordination degree model and its classification principles. The results are as follows. ① The urban development level along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is characterized by spatial imbalance. It is high in the southern and northern areas but low in the middle areas. During 1992—2018, the number of cities with a high urbanization level increased year by year. The periods from 1992 to 2002, from 2002 to 2013, and from 2013 to 2018 witnessed the slow development, the accelerated development, and the steady improvement of urbanization, respectively. ② During 1992—2018, the RSEI values were all greater than 0.4, indicating a high-quality ecological environment. The ecological environment in the areas along the canal was relatively stable from 1992 to 2002, improved from 2002 to 2007, and deteriorated from 2007 to 2018 to a certain degree. ③ During 1992—2018, the coupling and coordination degree between urbanization and the ecological environment increased first and then decreased. In terms of the coordinated development type, urbanization lagged behind the ecological environment firstly and then the latter gradually lagged behind the former, indicating that the quality of the ecological environment needs further improving. That is, it is necessary to strengthen the protection of the ecological environment while developing the economy along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.
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Key words:
- Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal /
- urbanization /
- eco-environment /
- coupling coordination /
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