A forecasting method for water table depths in areas with power transmission lines based on remote sensing and deep learning models
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摘要: 近年来很多输电线路区域受到洪水灾害的影响,因此,预测输电线区域地表水深对于输电线区域安全至关重要。本研究通过遥感卫星产品、观测气象资料和水文数据来预测地表水深。该研究首先利用长短期记忆网络(long short-term memory,LSTM)、门控循环单元网络(gated recurrent unit,GRU)、编码器和解码器的长短期记忆网络(long short-term memory-seq2seq,LSTM-S2S)和前馈神经网络(feedforward neural network,FFNN)模型针对气象资料和水文数据进行了日和月尺度数据模拟。结果表明,在4个模型中,LSTM-S2S是预测地表水深的最佳模型; 相比之下,FFNN的表现最差; LSTM,GRU和LSTM-S2S模型在日和月尺度数据模拟中均表现良好。在LSTM,GRU和LSTM-S2S模型中,日尺度模拟的决定系数(coefficient of determination,R2)和纳什效率系数(Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient,NSE)均优于月尺度。因此,本研究中的方法可以用来模拟未来电力传输线地区的日和月尺度的地表水深。Abstract: Areas with power transmission lines have been frequently struck by flood disasters in recent years. Therefore, forecasting the water table depths in these areas is critical to the safety of these areas. This study forecasted the water table depth using remote sensing satellite products and observed meteorological and hydrological data. Based on the meteorological and hydrological data, this study forecast the daily and monthly water table depths using the long short-term memory (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU), long short-term memory-seq2seq (LSTM-S2S), and feedforward neural network (FFNN) models. The results indicate that the LSTM-S2S and FFNN models delivered the best and the worst performances, respectively. Meanwhile, the LSTM, GRU, and LSTM-S2S models performed well in forecasting both daily and monthly water table depths, with their forecasts of daily water table depths having a higher coefficient of determination (R2) and a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) than those of monthly water table depths. Therefore, the method presented in this study can be used to forecast the future daily and monthly water table depths in areas with power transmission lines.
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Key words:
- deep learning model /
- GRU /
- LSTM-S2S /
- LSTM /
- water table depth
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