A GEE-based study on the temporal and spatial variations in the carbon source/sink function of vegetation in the Three-River Headwaters region
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摘要: 净生态系统生产力(net ecosystem productivity, NEP)表征了区域生态系统的固碳能力。文章利用谷歌地球引擎(Google Earth Engine, GEE)平台,基于MODIS和气候数据探讨了2001—2020年20 a间三江源地区NEP时空变化特征及其与气候因子的关系。结果表明: ①三江源区是重要的碳汇功能区,碳汇区占区域总面积的99.89%,碳源区主要分布在西北部,面积仅占0.11%,三江源生态系统NEP总体上呈现东南高西北低、从东南向西北逐渐递减的空间分布格局,且不同生态区之间差异显著; ②20 a间,三江源生态系统NEP总体呈增长趋势,年增长率为1.13 gC/(m2·a),具有巨大的固碳潜力; ③三江源生态系统NEP呈增长趋势的面积占总面积的95.05%,生态工程建设等对植被NEP的改善作用明显,碳汇功能逐步增强且稳定性较高; ④三江源生态系统NEP年平均值为120.93 gC/(m2·a),NEP与年降水量呈正相关,与年平均温度和年太阳辐射呈负相关。气候的暖湿化趋势和生态工程建设均促进了三江源地区植被的碳汇功能,这对于提高陆地生态系统碳汇价值,实现国家“双碳”目标意义重大。
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关键词:
- 净生态系统生产力(NEP) /
- 三江源 /
- 碳源/汇 /
- 时空变化 /
- 气候变化
Abstract: Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) represents the carbon sequestration capacity of a regional ecosystem. Based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, this study analyzed the temporal and spatial variations in the NEP of the Three-River Headwaters Region (TRHR) from 2001 to 2020 based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) and meteorological data and revealed their relationships with climate factors. The results are as follows: ① The TRHR had an important carbon sink function, with carbon sink areas accounting for 99.89%; The carbon source areas in the TRHR were primarily distributed in the northwest, accounting for only 0.11%. The NEP of the TRHR decreased gradually from the southeast to the northwest and differed significantly among different ecological areas; ② The NEP of the TRHR showed an upward trend overall in the past 20 years, with an annual increasing rate of 1.13 gC/(m2·a), indicating huge carbon sequestration potential; ③ The area of zones whose NEP showed an upward trend accounted for 95.05% of the total area. Ecological engineering construction significantly improved the NEP of vegetation. As a result, the carbon sink function gradually increased and was highly stable; ④ The TRHR had an annual average NEP of 120.93 gC/(m2·a), and the NEP was positively correlated with the annual precipitation but negatively correlated with average annual temperature and annual solar radiation. The warm, humid climate and the ecological engineering construction contributed to the carbon sink function of vegetation in the TRHR. This is of great significance for improving the carbon sink value of the terrestrial ecosystem and achieving the peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality of China. -
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